litaba

Matsete a 5G a tlohile ho tloha matsete a tsamaisoang ke bareki ho ea ho matsete a tsamaisoang ke bareki, ho tsepamisitsoe maikutlo ho basebetsi, bafani ba thepa ea mantlha, puisano ea optical le RCS le likarolo tse ling tsa menyetla ea lichelete.Ho lebeletsoe hore kakaretso ea kaho ea 5G ka selemo sa 21 e tla ba pakeng tsa liteishene tse limilione tse 1 le limilione tse 1.1, 'me chelete eohle ea chelete ea selemo le selemo ea basebetsi ba bararo ba ka sehloohong + seea-le-moea le thelevishene e lebeletsoe hore e be li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 400.Basebelisi ba bararo ba ka sehloohong ba lebelletsoe ho tsoa nakong ea khatello ea ho fetoha ha meloko e fapaneng, 'me ba tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo lefatšeng ka bophara ho latela pono ea boleng.Mofani oa thepa ea ka sehloohong e ntse e le sepheo se ratoang sa matsete sa 5G hajoale.Ho kgothaletswa ho ela hloko mochine oa digital optical le moetapele oa optical chip tlas'a moruo o tsoelang pele o phahameng oa 'maraka oa puisano oa optical.Likopo le li-server tsa 5G li ntse li le nakong ea kholiso.Re tla ela hloko menyetla ea matsete ea bafani ba litšebeletso tsa tikoloho ea RCS e tlisoang ke khoebo e felletseng ea melaetsa ea 5G.

21 Mmaraka oa China oa cloud computing e ntse e le selemo se seholo, se na le tšepo mabapi le meaho ea maru le menyetla ea matsete ea SaaS.

1) IaaS: Barekisi ba bangata ba maru ba tsoela pele ho eketsa litšenyehelo tsa lichelete, ka FAMGA's YoY 29% le BAT's YoY 47% ho q3 2020. Ho khothalletsoa ho ela hloko barekisi ba IaaS ba hlooho le barekisi ba kholo ka melemo ea ho khetholla.

2) IDC: Mmaraka oa OVERALL IDC oa China o ntse o le nakong ea kholo e potlakileng, mme CAGR e lebelletsoe ho ba hoo e ka bang 30% lilemong tse tharo tse tlang.Katoloso ea sekhahla e ntse e le mokhoa oa mantlha oa hore baetsi ba IDC ba hole.Ho khothaletsoa ho ela hloko baetapele ba mokha oa boraro oa IDC litoropong tsa boemo ba pele tse nang le melemo ea lisebelisoa.

3) Seva: Kamora phetoho ea nako e khuts'oane ea H2 ka 2020, Q1 ka 2021 e lebelletsoe ho tlisa lehlabula la India le ho boloka boemo bo holimo ba nala selemo ho pota.

4) SaaS: Baetsi ba SaaS ba boemo ba khoebo ba China ba nakong ea phetoho e mahlonoko.Baetsi ba ka sehloohong ba phunyeletsa bareki ba ka holimo ka nts'etsopele e hlophisitsoeng, 'me ba atolose ho bareki ba bohareng, le TAM e bulehileng ho tlisa phaello le ntlafatso ea boleng.

Thuto ea 'maraka ea lapeng ea SaaS e se e hōlile, mehloli ea theknoloji, litlhoko tse ling tsa malapeng le tšehetso e amanang le leano e teng.

Marang-rang a lintho ho isa indastering, shebana le menyetla e meraro ea matsete e otlolohileng.Tlas'a mats'oao a mararo a kopano e tloaelehileng, kopanyo ea theknoloji le seqhenqha se kenang ofising, Marang-rang a Lintho a atamela indasteri ho theoha ho tsoa mohopolong oa tlhaho le sebopeho sa maano.Lilemo tse hlano tse tlang e tla ba lilemo tse hlano tsa Marang-rang a Lintho ho holisa khokahano.Ea pele e tla rua molemo ke sensor, chip, module, MCU, terminal le baetsi ba lisebelisoa tse ling, sethala le boleng ba tšebeletso potoloho ea topollo e lieha.Boemong ba ts'ebeliso, tsepamisa maikutlo ho marang-rang a hokahaneng a koloi, lehae le bohlale, Marang-rang a sathelaete le lintho tse ling tse tlang pele sebakeng se seholo sa karoloana, 'me indasteri e tseba hore na, sekhahla sa khokahano le melemo ea bohlale ba data ea libapali e tla ba mohlodi e moholo.

"Intelligence" ke khoele ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa lefapheng la likoloi tse bohlale, 'me monyetla o ka sehloohong o ka har'a ketane ea phepelo. Re hakanya hore boholo ba 'maraka oa likoloi tsa baeti oa China o ntseng o eketseha o tla hola ho tloha ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 200 ka 2020 ho isa ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 1.8 ka 2030, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea 25%.Kakaretso ea keketseho ea libaesekele e tlisoang ke bohlale e nyolohile ho tloha ho li-yuan tse 10,000 ho ea ho tse 70,000.Ha re le tseleng e kholo ea bohlale, re lumela hore re hloka ho utloisisa maqhubu a mararo ho tloha ho phepelo ea thepa ho ea ho OEMS ho likopo le lits'ebeletso.Leqhubung la pele, re na le tšepo mabapi le ho phahama ha thekiso ea thepa ea China nakong ea bohlale ba likoloi.Re fana ka maikutlo a hore ho tloha likarolong tse tharo tsa katoloso ea lefats'e, phetisetso ea sebaka sa naha le phetoho e ncha ea potoloho, ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho potoloho e arohaneng e nang le sebaka se seholo sa keketseho le boleng bo phahameng ba libaesekele, e leng se thehileng moetapele oa indasteri oa litšitiso tsa tlhōlisano.

1.ho hlaphoheloa le pono

Mmaraka oa 5G o fetoha ho tloha ho indasteri ea lisebelisoa ho ea indastering e hlahang ea ICT.Matsete lekaleng la likhokahano ka 2020 a tletse mathata.Puisano (Shen wan) index e theohile ka 8,33%, ho fokotseha ho ka pele ho poleiti eohle.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, likhohlano tse matla tsa khoebo pakeng tsa Chaena le United States le ntlafatso ea Huawei embargo li thehile khatello e itseng holim'a poleiti;Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka khoebo ea 5G, 'maraka o ntlafalitse tse ling tsa litebello tse phahameng tse entsoeng lilemong tse peli tse fetileng.

Leha ho le joalo, re bona likarolo tse ling li sebetsa hantle haholo. Lipuisano tse khethehileng tsa sesole, maqhubu a seea-le-moea sa antenna, Inthanete ea lintho e eketsehile ka ho feta 20%;Li-module tsa optical le likarolo, puisano ea sathelaete le ho tsamaea, computing ea leru e eketsehile ka ho feta 40%;Video ea leru e nyolohile ho feta 100%, e nyolohile ka 171% bakeng sa selemo.Ho tloha boemong, boemo ba hajoale ba litsi tsa puisano le bona bo maemong a tlase nalaneng.

Nakong ea 3G, karo-karolelano ea likarolo tsa mekhatlo ea Shenwan Communication e pakeng tsa 4% -5%, 'me nakong ea 4G, karolelano ea kabelo ea mekhatlo ea Shenwan Communication e pakeng tsa 3-4%, ha lintlha tsa morao-rao tsa Q3 li bontša hore ho ba le kabelo. karo-karolelano ea litsi tsa Shenwan Communication ke 2.12% feela.

Re lumela hore ka bobeli phapang ea 'maraka oa lipoleiti le phokotso e tsoelang pele ea maemo a litsi ka har'a poleiti ea likhokahano li bonts'a tšekamelo ea sepheo sa kopanyo ea kantle, phapang ea kahare le phetisetso ea boleng ba indasteri ea likhokahano.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ICT le liindasteri tsa setso li lula li hokahane, 'me ICT e fetohile motheo oa liindasteri tsohle, e potlakisang ts'ebetso ea digitalization ea liindasteri le likhoebo tsohle.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, indasteri ea puisano e se e qalile ho arola likarolo tse peli, "ea khale" le "e ncha", e leng ketane ea indasteri ea lisebelisoa tsa puisano le likarolo tse ncha tsa moruo tse kang Inthanete ea Lintho le cloud computing."Khale" karolo ea potoloho, "ncha" kgolo e sa fellang.Indasteri ea tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa khale tsa puisano e bonts'a ts'ebetso e matla, ts'ebetso ea eona e angoa haholo ke tšebeliso ea chelete ea basebetsi.

Ka nako e ts'oanang, Inthanete ea Lintho le cloud computing, tse khetholloang butle-butle indastering ea puisano, li boemong ba kholo e potlakileng ea potoloho ea bophelo ba bona 'me ha li amehe haholo ke liphetoho tsa potoloho ea lichelete tsa lichelete tsa basebetsi.Lebaka la mantlha ke hore lihlahisoa le mahlale a liindasteri tse nyane li qala ho ata le ho kenella ho tloha indastering ea likhokahano ho ea ho tse ling, ka hona ho bula sebaka se secha sa mebaraka.

Ho tloha boemong ba nako e telele, ho hlahloba potoloho ea 4G, libaka tse bohareng le tse tlaase tsa phaello ea ketane ea indasteri ka lehlakoreng le leng, 'me potoloho ea 5G e fetisoa butle-butle ho tloha ketane ea thepa ea thepa ho ea indastering e ncha ea ICT.Potoloho ea matsete ea 4G e na le taelo e hlakileng, baetsi ba thero ea marang-rang a holimo joalo ka Guomai Technology, baetsi ba li-antenna rf joalo ka Wuhan Fangu ba ile ba etella pele ho phahama, 'me joale ho ea ho ZTE, likhokahano tsa Fiberhome le bafani ba lisebelisoa tse ling tse ka sehloohong, ebe joale ho ea tlase lerung la leru, Internet. ea lintho le lits'ebetso tse ling ho qhoma.Mehleng ea 5G, kabo ea boleng ba ketane ea indasteri e fetisitsoe ho tloha ketane ea indasteri ea barekisi ba thepa ho ea indastering e ncha ea ICT.Moetapele wa IDC Baoxin Software le moetapele wa mojule wa Internet of Things Yuyuan Communication ba bone keketseho e kgolo.

Ka nako e ts'oanang, 2020 e tla bona ho potlakisa ho hlophisoa bocha ha phepelo ea phepelo ea ICT ea lefats'e ka lebaka la phello ea seoa le lipolotiki tsa lefatše.Ha linaha le libaka li arabela ho khethollo le tšitiso ea seoa sena, ketane ea indasteri ea ICT, e neng e tsitsitse nako e telele nakong e fetileng, e qobelletsoe ho ikamahanya le maemo.Tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ea 5G e ameha ho geopolitics, 'me mekhoa e' meli ea "de-C" e etelletsoeng ke 'muso oa US le "de-A" e etelletsoeng ke lik'hamphani tsa Chaena li tsamaisana.

Ha re sheba pele, kopanyo le phapang ya indasteri le kaho botjha ya ketane ya phepelo e tla tswela pele, mme poleiti ya nakong e tlang ya dikgokahano e ntse e tla ba mmaraka wa meralo.Ho amohela mekhoa e itseng ea indasteri le ho hola le lik'hamphani tse kholo ke tsela e molemohali ea ho sebetsana le maemo a sa tsitsang a kantle.Ha likhetho tsa Amerika li fihla, phello e ka thoko ea lintlha tse kholo tse joalo ka geopolitics 'marakeng oa 5G le lefapha la likhokahanyo li fokotsehile, athe mekhoa ea indasteri ea meso le taolo ea likhamphani tse nyane e fetohile matla a ka sehloohong a khethollang ts'ebetso ea bokamoso.Ka 2021, menahano ea matsete a lefapha la likhokahanyo e tla tloha holimo ho ea tlase ho ea holimo.Re ipapisitse le 5G, komporo ea maru le Marang-rang a Lintho, re na le ts'epo mabapi le menyetla ea matsete ea lik'hamphani tse etellang pele tsa ICT tse nang le boleng bo tlase le kholo e phahameng karolong ka 'ngoe.

2. phetoho ea matsete a 5G ho tloha ho matsete a opereishene a khannoang ho sebelisoa ke bareki, ho lebisa tlhokomelo ho basebetsi, barekisi ba thepa ea mantlha, puisano ea optical le menyetla ea lichelete tsa RCS likarolong.
Re bona matsete a 5G-themed a fetoha ka maqhubu a mararo.Leqhubu la pele le tsamaisoa ke matsete a opareitara, ho shebana le mokhoa le phetoho ea sebopeho sa tšebeliso ea chelete ea basebetsi;Leqhubu la bobeli le tsamaisoa ke tšebeliso ea bareki, le shebane le kabo ea boleng ba phepelo ea li-terminals tse etellang pele le likhoebo tsa ICP;Leqhubu la boraro la lets'olo la matsete la likhoebo le indasteri, le tsepamisitse maikutlo ho indasteri e kholo ea likarolo tse kang Marang-rang, tlhahiso, matla, matla le liindasteri tse ling tsoelo-pele ea dijithale le mokhoa o etelletseng pele oa matsete a likhoebo.

Lekala la hajoale la 5G le leqhubung la pele la netefatso ea ts'ebetso le leqhubu la bobeli la phetoho ea matsete a sehlooho.Leqhubu la pele la 'maraka oa phepelo ea lisebelisoa tse tsamaisoang ke matsete le tlohile ho litebello ho ea sethaleng sa netefatso ea ts'ebetso,' me leqhubu la bobeli la ts'ebeliso ea bareki le mmaraka oa lits'ebeletso le se le qalile ho ikatisa.

Re lebeletse hore tsoelo-pele e akaretsang ea kaho ea 5G e ke ke ea tsoela pele ka potlako joaloka ea mehla ea 4G, empa e ntse e tla tsoela pele ka mokhoa o itekanetseng.Ho lebeletsoe hore kaho ea selemo le selemo ea 5G e tla ba pakeng tsa liteishene tse limilione tse 1 le tse limilione tse 1.1, e leng karolo ea 70% ea kakaretso ea lefats'e.Har'a tsona, ho lebelletsoe hore liteishene tse tharo tse kholo li tla haha ​​liteishene tse ka bang 700,000, 'me liteishene tsa seea-le-moea le thelevishene li lebelletsoe ho haha ​​​​liteishene tse ka bang 300,000-400,000.Ho lebeletsoe hore litšenyehelo tsa lichelete tsa basebetsi ba bararo ba ka sehloohong ka lilemo tse 21 li tla boloka kholo e itekanetseng motheong oa lilemo tse 20, sekhahla sa kgolo se ka bang 10%, hammoho le matsete a macha a seea-le-moea le thelevishene ea limilione tse likete tse 30, chelete eohle ea selemo le selemo. chelete e tla ba limilione tse likete tse 400.

Ha re shebile pele ho 2021, re na le tšepo e itseng mabapi le ts'ebetso ea basebetsi, lisebelisoa tsa mantlha, puisano ea mahlo le likarolo tse ling ho pholletsa le selemo.Ho sa le joalo, re fana ka maikutlo a ho ela hloko menyetla ea lichelete ho RCS, boemo ba pele ba khoebo ea 5G.

2.1 Tsepamisa maikutlo ho menyetla ea matsete ka kakaretso lekaleng la tšebetso lilemong tse 21

Lilemong tse 21, basebetsi ba lebelletsoe ho tsoa nakong ea khatello ea ho fetoha ha meloko.Ha ho buuoa ka nako ea ho fetoha ha 2G-3G le 3G-4G, basebetsi ba hloka ho eketsa litšenyehelo tsa lichelete ho ntlafatsa marang-rang.Ho sa le joalo, kholo ea lits'ebeletso tse ncha e hloka nako e itseng ea ho lema le lilemo tse 1-2 tsa nako ea phetoho ea ts'ebetso.Ha ho bapisoa le potoloho ea 4G, matsete a 5G a tla ba a itekanetseng, 'me litšenyehelo tsa lichelete tsa basebetsi ba bararo ba ka sehloohong li ke ke tsa bona kholo e potlakileng ea nako ea 3 le 4G lilemong tsa 21.Mabapi le Capex / Revenue, tlhōrō ke 41% bakeng sa 3G le 34% bakeng sa 4G, 'me re lebeletse hore e be haufi le 27% bakeng sa 21, ka likhatello tsa lichelete tsa lichelete tse batlang li khutsitse.

Litekanyetso tsa ARPU tsa li-operators tse tharo tse kholo li ile tsa qala ho tsitsa le ho hlaphoheloa.Hona joale, tekanyo ea ho kenella ha mohala oa thelefono ea 5G e fetisitse 70%, papatso ea sephutheloana sa 5G e potlakile ho feta 4G, esita le haeba ho se na khoebo ea 5G 2C ea 'molai ka nako e khutšoanyane, ho fokotseha ha boleng ba ARPU ho khutliselitsoe morao.

Mabapi le boleng, likarolo tsa H tsa basebetsi ba bararo ba kholo ka ho fetisisa ba China li maemong a sithabetsang a lefats'e.Mabapi le PE, PB le EV / EBITDA, likarolo tsa H tsa basebetsi ba bararo ba ka sehloohong li boemong bo tlaase ka ho fetisisa ha li bapisoa le tse ling tse kholo tsa lefats'e.Re lumela hore qeto ea morao-rao ea NYSE ea ho hlakola li-adRs tsa li-operator tse tharo tse kholo e tla ba le phello e fokolang haholo mesebetsing ea bona le ts'ebetsong ea theko ea nako e telele - ho ea ho nako e telele.Hona joale, li-operators tse tharo tse kholo, haholo-holo litheko tsa H li fokotsehile haholo, batseteli ba eletsoa ho hlophisa ka mafolofolo.
2.2 Barekisi ba thepa ea mantlha e ntse e le lipehelo tse ratoang tsa matsete tsa 5G ka 2021
Hore na thibelo ea huawei e tlositsoe kapa che, karolo ea 'maraka ea lefats'e ea ZTE e ke ke ea fetoha.Khoebo ea Huawei e ke ke ea bonahala e le kotsi e kholo ea ho tima, 'maraka oa lefats'e o se nang mohala o lebelletsoe ho nyoloha ka liperesente tse 40 lilemong tse 20.Tlas'a maikutlo a hore embargo e teng ka nako e telele, karolo ea 'maraka e tla theoha butle-butle ho hoo e ka bang 30% ka lebaka la mathata a ho fana ka li-chip.

Kabelo ea 'maraka e lahlehileng ea Huawei mose ho maoatle e tla etsoa haholo ke Ericsson, eo karolo ea eona ea mmaraka e lebelletsoeng ho tsitsa hoo e ka bang liperesente tse 27 lilemong tse tharo tse tlang, le Nokia.Kabelo ea mmaraka ea Nokia e lebelletsoe ho khutlela ho hoo e ka bang liperesente tse 15 ka lebaka la ts'ebetso e mpe ea eona Chaena.

Ha re bua ka mehla ea 4G, re lebelletse hore ho tlola hoa karolo ea mmaraka oa lefats'e o se nang mohala oa Samsung mothating oa pele oa kaho ea 5G e ke ke ea tšoarella.Kamora 2020, ha karolo ea eona e hlahelletseng ea mmaraka (Korea Boroa, Amerika Leboea, joalo-joalo) e ntse e putlama butle-butle 'marakeng oa lefats'e, karolo ea mmaraka e tla oela kapele ho isa ho 5%.Zte e lebelletsoe ho ba morekisi oa thepa ea ka sehloohong ka kholo e kholo ea 'maraka lilemong tse tharo tse tlang.Kaho ea setsi sa setsi sa 5G sa China joale se etsa karolo ea 70 lekholong ea 'maraka oa lefatše oa 5G.

Kabelo ea 'maraka ea Zte naheng ea China e lebelletsoe ho hola butle kamora lilemo tse 21. Ka nako e ts'oanang, re na le tšepo ea hore k'hamphani e tla atolosa karolo ea eona ka mor'a hore 'maraka oa mose ho maoatle oa 5G o eketsehe butle-butle ka lilemo tse 21,' me ho lebeletsoe hore karolo ea 'maraka ea lefats'e ea k'hamphani e tla eketseha ka 3-4PP selemo se seng le se seng lilemong tse tharo tse latelang ( 21-23).Khampani ea Bullish ho ba nako ea 5G ea karolo ea 'maraka ea lisebelisoa tsa lefats'e e kopanyang mojalefa e moholo, batseteli ba eletsoa hore ba ele hloko ka mafolofolo.

2.3 Mmaraka oa puisano oa mahlo o ntse o tsoela pele ho ata.Ho kgothaletswa ho ela hloko module ea optical ea puisano ea digital le moetapele oa optical chip

Tlas'a resonance ea 5G + data center tlhokahalo, re lumela hore 'maraka oa puisano oa optical o tla boloka boom e phahameng nakong e tlang,' me mmaraka oa lefats'e oa optical module o lebelletsoe ho hola ka sekhahla sa kholo e fetang 15% lilemong tse 21-22. .

Kholo ea li-module tsa optical 'marakeng oa mehala e tla ba bonolo,' me keketseho e kholo e ntse e tla tsoa 'marakeng oa setsi sa data.Li-module tsa 400G optical li lebelletsoe ho qalisoa ka potlako lilemong tse tharo tse tlang.Ho latela tsela ea 100G, thomello e lebelletsoe ho imena habeli ka mokhoa o tsoelang pele lilemong tsa 21-22.Ho khothaletsoa ho shebana le lik'hamphani tse etellang pele tse nang le monyetla oa pele, joalo ka Zhongji Solechuang le Xinyisheng.

Ho sa le joalo, lebaleng le holimo la optical chip, 'maraka oa hajoale oa puisano oa optical o ka bang $3.85 bilione,' me o tla hola ho $8.85 billion ka 2025, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea lilemo tse 5 sa 18%.Boemong ba katoloso ea 'maraka le ho potlakisa sebaka sa lehae, moetapele oa lehae oa optical chip o lebelletsoe ho fela, ho khothaletsoa hore a ele hloko Xi 'an Yuanjie (e sa thathamisoa), Wuhan Sensitive core (ha ea thathamisoa), Shijia Photon, etc.

Likopo tsa 2.4 5G le li-server li ntse li le nakong ea ho kenngoa, 'me re tla ela hloko tsoelo-pele ea khoebo ea melaetsa ea 5G.

Likopo le lits'ebeletso tse thehiloeng ho 5G li tla qala ho mela, 'me melaetsa ea 5G e tla ba sesebelisoa sa pele sa 5G sa mobu.Litaba tsa 5G ke phepelo e nepahetseng ea phetoho ho tloha ho 4G ho ea ho 5G.Joaloka moetapele oa indasteri, basebetsi ba na le monyetla o phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa ho ntšetsa pele katleho ea khoebo ea bona.Nakong e tlang, basebetsi ba tla hokela tikolohong le tshebeletsong ka mehato e meraro, mme tebello e haufi e lebeletswe ho phahamisa sebaka sa mmaraka sa tlwaelo sa SMS sa sekala sa 40 bilione ho isa ho 100 bilione;Nakong e tlang, theknoloji e ncha ea ICT e kang leru, data e kholo le AI e tla kopanngoa.Litšebeletso tsa melaetsa tsa 5G tsa basebetsi li tla hlokomela phetoho ea sethala sa melaetsa, 'me sebaka sa' maraka se tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 300.Litaba tsa 5G li lebeletsoe ho lilemo tse 21 Q1 e ka ba ea khoebo ka botlalo, tsepamisa maikutlo ho khothaletso ea menyetla ea matsete a mofani oa litšebeletso tsa tikoloho ea RCS.

3. Cloud computing - 2021 e ntse e le selemo sa cloud computing, se nang le tšepo ka IDC le katleho ea seva.

3.1 China cloud computing e nakong ea tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea nako e telele

Ha ho bapisoa le United States, Chaena e salla morao United States ka lilemo tse fetang tse hlano ka lebaka la liphapang tsa mekhoa ea mekhoa ea IT, leano la indasteri, tikoloho ea moruo le boemo ba lipatlisiso tsa indasteri.Leha ho le joalo, China e na le tikoloho e tsamaellanang ea indasteri mme e nakong ea nts'etsopele e potlakileng:

1) Lisebelisoa tsa IT li ntse li phethahala le ho feta.Ka 2014, palo ea lipalangoang tsa marang-rang a marang-rang Chaena e fihlile ho limilione tse 405, H1 e fihlile ho limilione tse 931 ho 2020, 'me karolo ea optical fiber access e eketsehile ho tloha 40.4% ka 2014 ho ea ho 92.1%;

2) Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, kholo ea moruo e kholo ea Chaena e tsitsitse, kholo ea GDP e tsitsitse ho 5% -10%.Le hoja Q1 e ile ea angoa ke seoa sena ka nako e khutšoanyane selemong sena, e khonne ho hlaphoheloa ka potlako, e bontša botsitso bo matla le ho rala motheo oa moruo bakeng sa Inthanete le indasteri ea cloud computing;

3) Ka 2011, United States e ile ea ntlafatsa tsoelo-pele ea cloud computing ho leano la naha.Ka selemo sa 2015, Chaena e ile ea fana ka Maikutlo a Lekhotla la Naha mabapi le Ho Khothaletsa cloud Computing Innovation le Ntšetso-pele le ho Fostering Forms New of Information Industry ho potlakisa ntlafatso ea indasteri;

4) Ali, Huawei le likhoebo tse ling ba ithuta ho tsoa tsamaisong e kopaneng ea indasteri, univesithi le lipatlisiso United States ho hlahloba (Ali le liunivesithi tsa lehae le kantle ho naha ho theha laboratori, Huawei o phatlalalitse hore lilemong tse hlano tse tlang li tla kopanya sechaba. le liunivesithi ho lema bahlahisi ba limilione tse 5, le ho tsetela lidolara tse libilione tse 1.5 ho aho ea tikoloho), ho aha tikoloho e holisang ka bobeli.Ho khothaletsa khoebo ea liphetho tsa lipatlisiso.

Ho teba ha Marang-rang a thekeng, phetisetso e kholo ea Marang-rang ea Lintho, le ho potlakisa phetoho ea dijithale ea likhoebo li tla tsoela pele ho khothaletsa kholo ea khomphutha ea maru naheng ea China.Ka Mphalane 2020, palo eohle ea basebelisi ba 5G naheng ea China e fetile limilione tse 200, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea khoeli le khoeli e fihlang ho liperesente tse 29 ho tloha ka Hlakola.Thepa ea thelefono ea 5G e ntse e eketseha, li-unit tse limilione tse 16.76 li rometsoe ka Mphalane, sekhahla sa ho kenella se fihlile ho 64%, 'me ho elella bofelong ba Mphalane, Huawei le Apple li ile tsa qala mefuta e mecha ka nako e ts'oanang, ho romelloa mohala oa 5G le sekhahla sa ho kenella ho lebelletsoe. ntlafatsa ho feta.

Selemong sena, seoa sena se potlakisitse ho teba ha Inthanete ea selefouno, tlhokahalo ea bareki e hole le tlhōrō.Ka Hlakubele, molumo oa phihlello ea Marang-rang ea mobile e ne e le 25.6 billion GB.Le hoja ho ile ha e-ba le ho fokotseha ho latelang, mokhoa oa kakaretso oa ho hōla ka potlako o ile oa lula o sa fetoha.Re lumela hore ofisi ea Marang-rang, boithabiso bo amohetsoe ke sechaba, ho boloka litšenyehelo tsa thuto ea mosebelisi oa ho qetela.Le hoja tšebeliso ea hona joale ea sephethephethe sa bareki e lebisitsoe ho litšebeletso tsa video, mabenkeleng le mokhoa oa bophelo, re lumela hore ho fihlela lisebelisoa tse ling tsa babolai (lipapali tsa VR / AR, joalo-joalo) li phatloha, boholo ba tšebeliso ea sephethephethe e tla sala libakeng tse kang HD video.

Ka nako e ts'oanang, marang-rang a 5G a sutumelletsa Marang-rang a lintho ho fokotsa ho ikatisa.China e etella pele lefats'e kahong ea 5G, ka liteishene tsa 718,000 tsa 5G tse phethiloeng, tse etsang karolo ea 70 lekholong ea kakaretso ea lefats'e.Marang-rang a 5G a nang le marang-rang a maholo, latency e tlaase le khokahanyo e pharaletseng e se e qalile ho phetha karolo ea liindasteri le masimo a tlhahiso, ho sutumetsa Inthanete ea Lintho ho fokotsa ho ikatisa.Ka 2020, palo ea likhokahano tsa Marang-rang a China e lebelletsoe ho feta limilione tse likete tse 7, e tla tlisa ho phatloha ha sephethephethe sa data nakong e tlang le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea komporo ea maru.

Phetoho ea dijithale ea khoebo e ntse e le eona mokhanni o moholo oa kholo ea tlhokeho ea likhomphutha tsa maru. Ha ho bapisoa le linaha tse tsoetseng pele joalo ka United States, lik'hamphani tsa China li na le sekhahla se tlase sa phihlello ea maru, e neng e le liperesente tse 38 feela ka 2018, ha e bapisoa le liperesente tse 80 tsa United States.Ha mebuso le likhoebo li fokotsa litšenyehelo le ho eketsa ts'ebetso ka leru, litlhoko tse ncha tsa dijithale tse tsoang mebusong le likhoebong li ntse li tsoela pele ho hlaha.

Lintlha tse ka holimo li etsa hore cloud computing boom e tsoele pele ho ntlafala, ka 2019 sekhahla sa kholo ea 'maraka oa leru oa lefats'e oa 20.86%, sekhahla sa kholo sa Chaena sa 38.6%, sekhahla sa kholo se feta hole sa machaba, re lumela hore lilemo tse' maloa tse tlang li tla tsoela pele. ho boloka sekhahla sa kholo e ka bang 30%.

3.2 IaaS: Barekisi ba bangata ba maru ba tsoela pele ho eketsa tšebeliso ea chelete, 'me kholo ea indasteri e tiisetsoa

Sebopeho sa litšebeletso tsa sechaba sa China se khelohile ho tsoa mose ho maoatle, ka lisebelisoa tsa motheo pele.Leru la sechaba sa lefats'e le laoloa ke mohlala oa SaaS, o ikarabellang ho feta 60%.Ho tloha ka 2014, 'maraka oa IaaS oa Chaena o eketsehile haholo, o ikarabella ka tlase ho 40% ea' maraka oa maru oa sechaba ho feta 60%.

Re lumela hore ka lebaka la lekhalo le leholo lipakeng tsa meaho ea theknoloji ea China le linaha tse tsoetseng pele joalo ka Europe le Amerika qalong, matsete a mahlale a IT le maru li hokahantsoe.Ka nako e ts'oanang, Chaena hajoale e ntse e le mohatong oa pele oa nts'etsopele ea komporo ea leru, 'me sebopeho sa baetsi ba maru se se se le morao haholo.Amazon e ile ea thakhola cloud computing ka 2006, 'me Alibaba e ile ea theha ka molao cloud Computing Co., LTD ka 2009. Likhoebo tsa marang-rang tsa China ke haholo-holo lik'hamphani tsa Marang-rang, li tloaetse ho iketsetsa software ka botsona ebile ha li reke litšebeletso tsa SaaS.Ka nako e khutšoanyane, tekanyo ea IaaS e ntse e hōla ka potlako, tšimo ea IaaS e tiile haholoanyane 'me ho na le menyetla e mengata ea lichelete.Ka ntlafatso ea kaho ea meaho, sekhahla sa kholo ea SaaS se tla eketseha ka potlako.

Kabelo ea barekisi ba IaaS ba malapeng le ba linaheng tse ling e ile ea eketseha, 'me mokhoa oa maru oa sechaba o ne o le bohareng.Ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse kholo tsa lichelete le lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea khoebo ea IaaS, phello ea tikoloho le tekanyo e bohlokoa.Karolo ea 'maraka ea Amazon, Microsoft, Alibaba le Google e eketsehile ho tloha 48.9% ka 2015 ho ea ho 77.3% ka 2015. Mohlala oa baetsi ba IaaS Chaena o fetohile haholo, 'me Huawei o na le lebelo la ho hōla ka potlako.Ho tloha 2015 ho ea ho Q1 selemong sena, CR3 e eketsehile ho tloha 51.6% ho ea ho 70.7%.Re lumela hore 'maraka oa hlooho oa IaaS oa Chaena o tla tsitsa' me o tsepamise maikutlo nakong e tlang.Ntle le melemo e fapaneng ea tlhōlisano, karolo ea bahlahisi ba banyenyane e tla senyeha ke bahlahisi ba bangata.Leha ho le joalo, bareki ba tlaase ba na le leru la lebasetere, ho tsamaisoa ha maru a mangata, tekanyo ea bafani le litlhoko tse ling, 'me bahlahisi ba banyenyane ba nang le melemo e fapaneng ea tlhōlisano ba ntse ba e-na le sebaka sa ho phela nakong e tlang.Ho khothalletsoa ho ela hloko Jinshanyun, joalo-joalo.

Re khothaletsa ho tsepamisa maikutlo menyetla e tsoelang pele ea kholo bakeng sa barekisi ba holimo ba IaaS. Kholo ea lekeno la barekisi ba maru ba lefats'e ka kotara e fetang 20% ​​selemo le selemo, kholo ea indasteri e matla.Tencent ha ea ka ea senola ka thoko data ea kotara, empa tlaleho ea lichelete ea selemo sa 19 e senotse chelete ea khoebo ea leru ea li-yuan tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 17, sekhahla sa kholo se feta karolelano ea indasteri.Ha ho bapisoa le kholo ea lekeno la bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong ba maru naheng ea China le United States, sekhahla sa kholo sa Alibaba Cloud Q3 se bohlokoa.Ho rua molemo phetohong ea dijithale, haholo kholo e potlakileng ea Marang-rang, lichelete, mabenkele le litharollo tse ling tsa indasteri, chelete ea kotara ea Alibaba Cloud e fihlile ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 14.9, ho nyoloha ka 60% selemo le selemo (Amazon Cloud e ile ea hola ka 29%, Microsoft Azure 48%).Mmaraka oa maru oa sechaba oa China o ntse o tsoela pele ka potlako, mmuso le likhoebo tsa setso li nakong ea phetoho ea dijithale, 'me batho ba limilione tse likete tse 1.4 ba etsa 'maraka o moholo oa bareki, livideo, phatlalatso e phelang, mabenkele a macha le liindasteri tse ling li ntse li tsoela pele ka potlako.Ka ts'ebetso ea likhoebo tsa lehae tsa Marang-rang tse eang leoatleng, re ahlola hore bahlahisi ba lits'ebeletso tsa maru ba malapeng ba ntse ba e-na le sebaka se pharaletseng sa ho ntlafatsa karolo ea 'maraka oa lefats'e.

Mabapi le litšenyehelo tsa lichelete, litšenyehelo tsa lichelete tsa baetsi ba maru lapeng le linaheng tse ling li fetohile tse ntle ka mor'a Q4, e leng se bontšang hore indasteri ea cloud computing e ntse e le boemong bo holimo.Ho Q3 2020Q3, litšenyehelo tsa lichelete tsa US FAMGA li eketsehile ka 29% selemo le selemo, ha tšebeliso ea lichelete tsa China BAT e eketsehile ka 47% selemo le selemo.Tlhokahalo ea lits'ebeletso tsa marang-rang ke eona sesosa se ka sehloohong sa litšenyehelo tsa lichelete tsa barekisi ba maru.Tlhokahalo ea 'maraka oa IaaS e ntse e le matla, kahoo letsete le amanang le IaaS le tla be le ntse le le boemong bo phahameng ba khoebo nakong e bohareng le e telele.

3.3 IDC: Ho se leka-lekane lipakeng tsa phepelo ea libaka le tlhoko e tla ba teng ka nako e telele.Ho khothalletsoa ho ela hloko motho oa boraro ea nang le lisebelisoa tsa mantlha metseng ea boemo ba pele

Joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa indasteri ea komporo ea leru, IDC e rua molemo ho nts'etsopele ea indasteri e tlase mme e nakong ea kholo e potlakileng.Re ahlola hore indasteri e ntse e ka boloka sekhahla sa kholo ea hoo e ka bang 30% lilemong tse tharo tse tlang.Nts'etsopele ea likhoebo tsa marang-rang le marang-rang a marang-rang e ekelitse tlhoko ea polokelo ea data le likhomphutha.Ka ho phahama le nts'etsopele ea mahlale a macha a kang 5G, bohlale ba maiketsetso le Marang-rang a Lintho, tlhoko ea kamoso e tla eketsa sebaka sa mmaraka.Ho feta moo, maano a matjha a meralo ya motheo a tswelapele ho fana ka tse ntle.United States, IDC e shebane haholo-holo le kaho e ncha le katoloso, athe Chaena, e ntse e shebane le kaho e ncha.Ka lebaka la ho qala morao morao le nts'etsopele e potlakileng, China e tla boloka sekhahla sa kholo ea 25-30% nakong e tlang, 'me kakaretso ea eona ea indasteri e lebelletsoe ho imena habeli ho tloha ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 156.2 ka 2019 ho ea ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 320.1.

Ho latela pono ea tlhahiso ea data, setoko sa hajoale sa IDC naheng ea China se saletse morao haholo.E le eona e hlahisang data e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, China e hlahisa ho feta 23% ea data ea lefats'e selemo se seng le se seng.Leha ho le joalo, setoko sa litsi tse kholo tsa data ke 8% feela ea lefats'e, 'me lipolokelo ha li lekane.Ka kholo e tsoelang pele e potlakileng ea tlhahiso ea data Chaena, indasteri ea IDC e na le sebaka se seholo sa kholo.Leha bahlahisi ba hajoale ba IDC ba le mothating oa ho nka mobu le ho potlakisa kaho, phepelo ea 'nete e sebetsang e kanna ea se fihlelle tlhoko ea kamoso ea mmaraka.Likhoebo tse nang le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ho lieha le ts'ireletso li ntse li hloka ho beoa metseng ea maemo a pele, 'me maano a metseng ea boemo ba pele a ntse a tiisitsoe.Leha phepelo ea literopo tsa boemo ba bobeli e ntse e eketseha, ho se leka-lekane lipakeng tsa phepelo ea libaka le tlhoko e tla lula e le teng ka nako e telele.

Re fana ka maikutlo a ho ela hloko barekisi ba IDC ba mokha oa boraro ba nang le melemo ho mehloli ea matla a mobu le ea metsi metseng ea boemo ba pele.Hajoale, baetsi ba IDC ba mekhatlo ea boraro ke bona ba nkang karolo e kholo ea 'maraka lefatšeng lohle, ha indasteri ea IDC ea China e ntse e busoa ke basebetsi ba mehala ea mehala, ka melemo ea pele ea lisebelisoa le sekala.Leha ho le joalo, nts'etsopele ea cloud computing le indasteri ea Inthanete e fana ka litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso le ts'ebeliso ea matla ea litsi tsa data, 'me metse ea boemo ba pele e kang Beijing le Shanghai e fokotsa index ea tšebeliso ea matla a marang-rang,' me e hloka hore PUE ea litsi tse ncha tsa data li fumanehe. e be ka tlase ho 1.3 kapa 1.4.Barekisi ba mekhatlo ea boraro ea IDC ba na le melemo ho lebelo la karabelo ea bareki, ho itloaetsa, ts'ebetso le taolo ea litšenyehelo.Kabelo ya mmaraka ya basebetsi ba China lekaleng la IDC e theohile ho tloha ho 52.4% ka 2017 ho ya ho 49.5%, mme re ahlola hore karolo ya bahlahisi ba IDC ba mokga wa boraro e tla eketseha le ho feta.

Katoloso ea sekhahla e ntse e le mokhoa oa mantlha oa hore baetsi ba IDC ba hole, 'me ho lebelletsoe hore 'maraka o tla ntlafala.Kamora lipatlisiso tsa ketane ea indasteri, re fumane hore baetsi ba IDC ba na le ts'epo mabapi le tlhoko ea 'maraka lilemong tse' maloa tse tlang, 'me ba khetha leano la katoloso e potlakileng lilemong tsa morao tjena ho fihlela kholo ea lekeno.Indasteri ea IDC e hloka matsete a boima matlotlong.Hajoale, ho na le likete-kete tsa BAHLAHLISI ba malapeng ba nang le lilaesense tsa IDC, 'me karolo ea motho ka mong ea bahlahisi ba IDC ba mekhatlo ea boraro ha e le hantle e ka tlase ho 5%, e leng se etsang hore mmaraka o qhalane.Equinix, moetapele oa lefats'e, o ile a hola ka potlako 'marakeng oa lefats'e ka ho fumana The UK's Telecity Group ka 2015 le khoebo ea IDC ea Verizon ka 2017. Re eketsa kakaretso ea litšenyehelo tsa lichelete le m&a scale joalo ka kakaretso ea kaho.Ka 2020 H1, kakaretso ea m&a scale ea Equinix e etsa 48%, ha m&a scale ea moetapele oa lehae GANGUO Data e etsa 14.3% feela.Ho ea ka tsela ea nts'etsopele ea Equinix, bahlahisi ba IDC ba malapeng ba ka potlakisa phumano ho atolosa bokhoni ba ho lefella kholo ea tlhokahalo e ke keng ea finyelloa ka mekhoa ea ho iketsetsa le ea ho hira.Keketseho ea khatello ea 'maraka e tla thusa datha ea GDS, 21vianet, Baoxin Software, marang-rang a Halo New le bahlahisi ba bang.

3.4 Seva: Ho khutlisa 'maraka oa nakoana ha ho fetole litebello tse phahameng tsa nako e telele tsa khoebo

Li-server, joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa meralo ea marang-rang, li rua molemo kholong e potlakileng ea indasteri ea likhomphutha tsa leru ea China.Ho latela IDC, ka q3 2020Q3, kholo ea lekeno la 'maraka oa seva ea lefats'e e theohile ho 2.2% selemo le selemo, ka thepa e romelloang hanyane ka tlase ho 0.2%, empa lekeno la 'maraka oa seva sa China le ile la hola ka 14.2%, le ntse le boloka kholo e potlakileng.

Chelete ea bahlahisi ba li-server tse holimo e fokotsehile, 'me chelete ea moetapele oa seva ea Tiao Information e fokotsehile ho Q3.Re lumela hore lebaka le ka sehloohong ke tsoelo-pele ea tlhoko ea Q3 ka lebaka la HO HLAHALA ha seoa sa Q2.Phetoho ea phaello ea kotara e le 'ngoe ha e fetole indasteri ea komporo ea maru ea kahlolo ea nako e telele ea khoebo e phahameng.

Ka litšenyehelo tsa lichelete tsa li-cloud giants tse ntseng li hōla ka potlako 'me li hloka matla, re ahlola hore indasteri ea cloud computing e ntse e le boemong bo phahameng ka 2021. Ho ea ka histori, cloud computing upcycles e nka bonyane likarolo tse robeli.Kamora lilemo tse 18 tsa tšebeliso e matla ea chelete ea baetsi ba maru lefatšeng ka bophara le lilemo tse 19 tsa boqapi, litšenyehelo tsa lichelete tsa DOMESTIC BAT ho Q4 li ile tsa etella pele ho khutlisa kholo e ntle ea 35% ha e bapisoa le lefats'e ka lilemo tse 19.Q3, le hoja e theohile ho tloha Q2's tekanyo e phahameng ea khōlo ea 97%, e ne e ntse e le 47% e phahameng ho feta tekanyo ea 29% ea ho hōla United States.Tracking seva nōka BMC chip moetsi Sinhua senola ya data lekgetho la khoeli le khoeli, le hoja khampani o ile a qala ho hōla lekeno mpe ka August, empa o khutletse khōlo e ntle ka November, esale pele lilemo tse 21 tsa indasteri ea cloud computing e ntse e lebeletsoe ho boloka khōlo e phahameng.

Ka khoebo ea 5G tseleng, ho phatloha ha sephethephethe sa data ho tla tsamaisa kholo ea 'maraka oa seva.Ho ea ka Korea Boroa, basebelisi ba 5G ba sebelisa makhetlo a 2.5 ho feta motho ka mong ho feta basebelisi ba 4G. Palo ea basebelisi ba 5G Chaena e eketsehile butle-butle ka ho feta 25% ka khoeli.Ho itšetlehile ka phihlelo ea histori, ntlafatso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea theknoloji ea puisano ea thelefono e eketsa DoU ka karolelano ea makhetlo a leshome, kahoo ho boleloa esale pele hore DoU ea basebelisi ba 5G e tla fihla 50G / khoeli ka 2025. 5G commercial superimposed edge computing le maemo a mang a macha a tla khothalletsa seva. , polokelo le kholo ea lisebelisoa tse ling tsa IT, empa hape bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea data, litlhoko tsa komporo li phahame, komporo e bohlale, bohlale ba maiketsetso le lihlahisoa tsa fusion ea seva li tla ba le sebaka se eketsehileng sa mmaraka.Ho latela lintlha tsa bolepi ba IDC, boholo ba mmaraka oa li-server tsa lefats'e bo tla batla bo imena habeli ho isa ho $ 12 milione ka 2020 le $ 21.33 milione ka 2025.

3.5 SaaS: catalysis ea lintho tse ngata, nakong ea phetoho ea bohlokoa, sebaka sa hona joale sa moralo

Mabapi le boholo ba mmaraka, 'maraka oa lapeng oa SaaS o salletse morao ho US ka lilemo tse 5-10.Ka 2019, lekeno la khoebo ea leru la Salesforce le fihlile ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 110.5, athe boholo ba mmaraka oa indasteri ea SaaS ea China e ne e le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 34.1 feela.Empa hobane 'maraka oa lehae oa SaaS o nakong ea phetoho ea maru, sekhahla sa kholo se batla se le habeli sa lefats'e, kholo e potlakileng e tlisa sebaka se pharaletseng sa nts'etsopele.

Mmaraka oa China oa SaaS o batla o le morao ka lebaka la lintlha tse tharo tse kholo: ea pele, boemo ba litaba tsa lapeng bo tlase.United States e entse kaho ea ho tsebahatsa le ho tsebahala ka lilemo tse mashome, athe tlhokomeliso ea 'maraka oa China le motheo oa tlhahisoleseling ho hlakile hore o salla morao Europe le United States, kaho ea boitsebiso le digitalization ha ea phethahala,' me likhoebo ha li ele hloko ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso ea taolo.ea bobeli, boemo ba eona ba botekgeniki ha boa lekana, naha ea rona ea SaaS khoebo e ngata empa ha e ntle, boemo ba tekheniki bo salla morao, botsitso ba sehlahisoa bo fokola.Qetellong, ho ba sieo ha likanale.Mehleng ea khale ea software, boemo ba mocha ke ba bohlokoa haholo.Nakong ea SaaS, mokhoa oa ho ngolisa o fokotsa chelete ea ho rekisa mocha, 'me tsamaiso ea ho nchafatsa e fokotsa maikutlo a tšireletso ea mocha, e leng se lebisang ho sepheo se tlaase sa papatso ea mocha, litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ho fumana bareki le ho atolosoa ha maraka butle.Liteishene e ntse e le khanyetso e kholo ea papatso ea khoebo ea SaaS naheng ea China.

Ha ho bapisoa le United States, bahlahisi ba SaaS ba boemo ba khoebo ba China ba nakong ea phetoho e mahlonoko, ka matšoao a fapaneng a lichelete le a khoebo a lokelang ho ntlafatsoa, ​​'me nts'etsopele e ikhethileng ke ntlha e bohloko.Likhoebo tse kholo tsa Chaena li na le litlhoko tse phahameng bakeng sa nts'etsopele e ikhethileng, 'me baetsi ba SaaS ba hloka ho tsetela litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa R&D le ho ba le potoloho e telele ea nts'etsopele.Haeba mosebetsi oa lihlahisoa tse tšoanang o tla oela tlhōlisanong ea theko, fokotsa phaello ea k'hamphani.Likhoebo tsa Amerika li na le maemo a holimo a lihlahisoa mme ho bonolo ho holisa TAM (Total Addressable Market).Ke hore, bokhoni ba lihlahisoa tsa pele bo ka atolosoa ho ea libakeng tse ling, siling ea likhoebo tse teng e ka robeha, sebaka sa ho kenya letsoho 'Maraka se ka eketsoa, ​​matsete a lichelete a ka pele a ka fokotsoa, ​​​​'me phaello e matla.Leha ho le joalo, Ka ho tebisa tšebelisano-'moho le likhoebo tse kholo, baetsi ba SaaS ba Machaena ba ka nolofatsa le ho fetola lihlahisoa tsa bona ka mor'a ho qeta merero ea benchmarking, 'me likhoebo tse nyenyane le tse mahareng li ka khetha mesebetsi eo li e hlokang, kahoo katoloso ea sehlahisoa sa nako e tlang e ntse e tla ba kholo.

Le hoja ho na le lekhalo pakeng tsa Chaena le United States, empa re lumela hore tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ea lehae ea SaaS e fihlile boemong ba ho fokotseha, hona joale e ntse e le sebaka sa moralo.Taba ea pele, thuto ea 'maraka ea indasteri ea lapeng ea SaaS e holile, mehloli ea theknoloji, tlhokahalo e' ngoe ea lapeng le ts'ehetso e nepahetseng ea maano e teng.Kamora lilemo tse ka bang leshome tsa ho ata ha thuto, temoho ea likhoebo e fetohile ho tloha boemong bo sa tebang ba lisebelisoa tsa pampiri ea elektroniki ho ea tlhokahalong ea khoebo ea digitalization, e tsamaellanang le monyetla oa ho nkela sebaka.Taba ea bobeli, likhoebo tsa lapeng tsa SaaS ka botsona li hola ka potlako.Le hoja tekanyo ea tsoelo-pele e batla e le nyenyane, empa kingdee, Ufida le likhoebo tse ling tsa phetoho li itšetlehile ka kutloisiso ea bona ea indasteri le phello ea lihlahisoa, li tsoela pele ho atolosa karolo ea tsona ea 'maraka.Ho tloha khohlano ea khoebo, mohopolo oa taolo e ikemetseng naheng ea China o ntse o hlaka haholoanyane, phetoho ea leru e koahelang ka botebo, re lumela hore mohlala oa SaaS bakeng sa likhoebo tsa software tsa lapeng ho fana ka monyetla oa ho fihlela sephetho, nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea SaaS e fihlile ntlha ya inflection.

Bafani ba mananeo a setso, baetsi ba SaaS ba khoebo le likhoebo tsa Marang-rang ke bona bankakarolo ba ka sehloohong 'marakeng oa SaaS oa China, ba qothisanang lehlokoa le ho sebelisana.Tšebelisano ea tikoloho pakeng tsa baetsi ba Marang-rang le bahlahisi ba likhoebo e tloaelehile haholo: hajoale, baetsi ba Marang-rang ba shebana haholo le khoebo ea boemo ba IaaS le PaaS, sebopeho sa pina sa SaaS se fokola, ha ho na tlholisano e kholo, indastering e emeng le ea khoebo masimong (joalo ka thuto, thekiso, CRM, lichelete le lekhetho, joalo-joalo) Baetsi ba Inthanete ba kopantsoe e le baetsi ba theknoloji.Tlhōlisano pakeng tsa barekisi ba SaaS ba khoebo le barekisi ba software ba setso ba fetohang SaaS e totobetse haholoanyane: likhoebo tse kholo tse nang le tekanyo e phahameng ea ho kenella ea software ea setso li na le tšepo e phahameng ho kingdee, Yonyou le barekisi ba bang ba setso, empa barekisi ba khoebo ba na le melemo likarolong tse ling, kahoo ho na le hape. tšebelisano-'moho kapa ho kopanya matsete le ho fumana.Mohlala: Matsete a Kingdee International a natefeloa ke Thekiso ea bareki (CRM) le theknoloji ea Myriad.Likhamphani tsa Marang-rang tse nang le barekisi ba mananeo a setso ho hlahloba litsela tsa nts'etsopele, le ts'ebelisano ea tikoloho: Barekisi ba Marang-rang ba na le monyetla oa sephethephethe, khoebo ea setso ea software e shebana le lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa SaaS, empa mefuta e 'meli ea barupeluoa ba marakeng ba khetha ho ba ofisi e bohareng e teteaneng, ho fana ka khoutu e tlase ha e na khoutu. sethala sa nts'etsopele, ho khothaletsa botebo le bophara ba sehlahisoa, ho matlafatsa kaho ea tikoloho.

TAM ke ntlha ea bohlokoa e amang boemo ba boleng ba bahlahisi ba lits'ebeletso tsa SaaS tsa likhoebo, tse supang ka kotloloho sebaka sa kholo ea lekeno la nako e tlang la likhoebo.Ho ea ka Tlaleho ea Ntlafatso ea Likhoebo tse ka Holimo-limo tse 500 tsa China, Chaena e na le palo e kholo ea likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng.Ho nahanoa hore likhoebo tsa Machaena li tla amohela leru haholoanyane khoebong ea tsona, li khethe lisebelisoa tsa SaaS bakeng sa taolo ea likhoebo, li fokotse litšenyehelo le ho eketsa ts'ebetso, 'me sekhahla sa ho kenella ha mohlala oa ngoliso se tla eketseha nakong e tlang.

Ha ho nahanoa hore tekanyo ea ho kenella ea SaaS ea lik'hamphani tse ling tsa Amerika e fihlile ho 95% kapa ka holimo, ho hakanngoa hore TAM e ka finyella li-yuan tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 560 ho latela theko ea litekanyetso tsa bareki ba likhoebo tse hlahlojoang ketane ea indasteri.Mme ka palo e ntseng e eketseha ea likhoebo China, kholo ea kholo ea 'maraka oa China e kholo.Har'a tsona, likhoebo tse kholo tse nang le lekeno la selemo la li-yuan tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 2 li na le theko e phahameng ea bareki, empa palo ea likhoebo e nyane;Litheko tsa bareki ba likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng li tlase, empa palo e ngata.Ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa bafani ba software ea SaaS ho fumana kholo ea nako e telele ea lekeno ke ho tšoara bareki ba thekeng, mme boleng ba ARPU ka kakaretso bo ka ntlafatsoa ka ho phunyeletsa bareki ba likhoebo tse kholo.Tlhokahalo ea likhoebo tse kholo bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa SaaS ha e felle feela mesebetsing e bonolo joalo ka boits'oaro ba ofisi le khoebo ea elektronike, empa ho kopanya haholo lihlahisoa le lits'ebetso tsa khoebo ea likhoebo, 'me ka 'nete e be sesebelisoa sa taolo ea likhoebo.

Mebaraka ea khoebo ea China ea SaaS e tlase, 'me re lumela hore bafani ba software ba setso sa ERP ba fetolang cloud computing ba na le monyetla o moholo oa kholo.Ho latela lipalo-palo tsa IDC, likhoebo tse hlano tse holimo 'marakeng oa SaaS naheng ea China halofong ea pele ea 2020 e ne e le 21.6% feela ea mmaraka.Mmaraka o arotsoe 'me tekanyo ea mahloriso e tlase.Mokhoa oa tlholisano limmarakeng tse fapaneng tsa likopo o fapane, 'me ke monyetla o motle oa moralo.

Re lumela hore bahlahisi ba setso ba ERP nakong e mahlonoko ea phetoho ea komporo ea leru ba na le monyetla o moholo oa kholo.Software ea setso ea ERP ea yonyou, Kingdee le likhoebo tse ling e na le sekhahla se phahameng sa ho kenella le ho ts'epa har'a likhoebo tse kholo le tse mahareng, 'me ke khetho ea pele ea ho aha sebaka.Sebelisana haufi-ufi le likhoebo tse kholo, ho ba le kutloisiso e tebileng ea ts'ebetso ea khoebo ea bareki, 'me u be le bokhoni ba ho sebelisana le likhoebo tse kholo, boiphihlelo ba botsamaisi ba likhoebo tse kholo ho ikatisa likhoebong tse nyane le tse mahareng, ho thusa likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng phetoho ea dijithale. ;Kingdee le Yonyou ba maemong a hlahelletseng likarolong tsa 'maraka ka boemo bo phahameng ba maemo le mmaraka o batlang o le teng ka kakaretso, joalo ka lichelete le lisebelisoa tsa batho,' me ba na le mefuta e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa.Ba na le sebaka se seholo sa 'maraka bakeng sa ho kenya letsoho le bokhoni bo phahameng ba kholo.

Ha ho bapisoa le TAM, siling ea TAM e totobetse haholoanyane bakeng sa baetsi ba SaaS ba khoebo indastering ea likarohano, empa baetsi ba SaaS ba etelletseng pele lebaleng la likarohano joalo ka Mingyuan Cloud ba ntse ba ka fumana kholo e potlakileng ka thuso ea melemo ea sehlahisoa le boemo ba indasteri, ebe ba fumana tse ling. boleng bo feteletseng, boo hape bo lokelang ho hlokomeloa.Alibaba, Tencent le barekisi ba bang ba Marang-rang ba tsepamisitse maikutlo haholo mebarakeng ea IaaS le PaaS, mme ba bangata ba nka karolo ea barekisi ba kopaneng 'marakeng oa SaaS.

Ho latela pono ea boleng, bafani ba litšebeletso tsa SaaS tsa China ba na le sebaka se ngata sa ntlafatso.Ho na le likhoebo tse fetang 70 tse thathamisitsoeng tsa SaaS United States, ho kenyeletsoa tse ling tse nang le chelete ea 'maraka e fetang lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 100.Leha lik'hamphani tse ngata tsa China li ntse li sa ngolisoa, ke Yonyou feela, e leng e 'ngoe ea likhamphani tse kholo tse thathamisitsoeng, e nang le boleng bo fetang $20 bilione.Karolelano ea PS ea lik'hamphani tsa Amerika e batla e le makhetlo a 40, athe ea lik'hamphani tsa China e ka tlase ho makhetlo a 30.Lebaka le ka sehloohong la phapang ke hore likhoebo tsa American SaaS li na le boemo bo phahameng ba maru, ke hore, li na le karolo e phahameng ea chelete ea khoebo ea maru.Ka mor'a litšenyehelo tsa pele tsa R&D le tsa mebaraka, li kene nakong ea kholo e batlang e tsitsitse, 'me sekhahla sa kholo ea lekeno le phaello e holimo.Keketseho ea lekeno bakeng sa lik'hamphani tsa SaaS tsa China e ne e le 21%, e ka tlase ho halofo ea karolelano ea Amerika, 'me phaello e ne e ntse e le mpe ka karolelano.Ka ho teba ha phetoho ea likhoebo tsa China tsa SaaS, keketseho ea lekeno la khoebo ea maru le ts'ebetso ea butle-butle ea ts'ebetso, boleng ba 'maraka bo ntse bo na le sebaka se fetang 30% sa ho ntlafatsa nakong e tlang.

4, Marang-rang a Lintho ho ea indastering, shebana le menyetla e meraro ea matsete e otlolohileng

4.1 merafo ea khauta lintho tse libilione tsa khokahano, indasteri ketane maikutlo lera ho amohela menyetla

Palo ea likhokahano tsa Marang-rang a Lintho (iot) e phahame haholo ho feta ea Marang-rang a Lintho (iot).Ho latela GSMA, indasteri ea lefats'e ea iot e ne e lekana le $ 343 bilione ka 2019 mme e tla fihla ho $ 1.12 trillion ka 2025, ka sekhahla sa kholo e kopaneng ea liperesente tse 20.Ho latela IoT Analytics, bofelong ba 2020, ho tla ba le lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng tsa IoT tse limilione tse likete tse 11.7 ho tsoa ho lisebelisoa tse hoketsoeng tse limilione tse likete tse 21.7 lefatšeng ka bophara.Ka palo ea lintho tse amanang le lefats'e e fetang palo ea batho ba hokahaneng le eona, Marang-rang a Lintho a ntse a hlaha e le moloko o latelang oa mekhoa ea mekhoa ea khoebo ho pholletsa le liindasteri le meeli, 'me ho lebeletsoe hore e be monyetla o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa matsete ho ICT nakong e tlang. lilemo tse 30.

Ts'ebetso ea Marang-rang ea lintho e etella pele China, 'me palo ea likhokahano tsa basebelisi ba lefats'e e nka tse tharo tse holimo.Ts'ebetso ea nts'etsopele ea Marang-rang ea Lintho ea Lefatše e ka ahloloa ka palo ea likhokahano tsa cellular tsa Internet of Things tsa basebelisi.Nts'etsopele ea Marang-rang a Marang-rang a Lintho a etella pele lefats'e.Ho latela IoT Analytics, China mobile e ne e e-na le likhokahano tsa cellular tsa IoT ka ho fetesisa ka 2015, e leng karolo ea 19 lekholong.Ka 2020H1, likhokahano tsa Marang-rang tsa Lintho tsa cellular tsa China Mobile li ne li etsa karolo ea 54%, Unicom le Telecom li ne li etsa karolo ea 9% le 11% ka ho latellana.Lits'ebetso tse tharo tse kholo tsa China li nkile karolo ea 74 lekholong ea likhokahano tsa cellular, e leng e 'ngoe ea tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.China e ntlafalitse palo ea likhokahano tsa Marang-rang a Lintho, haholoholo ka lebaka la ntlafatso ea kaho ea meaho ea marang-rang ea lehae le nts'etsopele ea maano.

Khokahano ea Marang-rang ea Lintho e ntse e le boleng ba boleng bo tlase.Ha re sheba chelete ea lefats'e ea khoebo ea IoT, khoebo ea ARPU ea IoT ea basebetsi ba ka sehloohong e ka tlaase ho $ 10 ka khoeli, ha NUMBER ea likhokahano tsa NB-iot Chaena li etsa chelete e ngata, 'me ARPU e ka tlaase ho $ 1 ka khoeli.Khokahano ea lefats'e ea iot e ntse e le qalong mme boholo ba boleng ba basebelisi bo tlase.Ka ho atolosoa ha nomoro ea khokahanyo le kopo, boleng bo na le mokhoa o ntseng o eketseha.

Marang-rang a lintho ho pholletsa le nako ea mohopolo oa hype, ho fihla indastering.Ho latela theknoloji ea hype cycle e hatisitsoeng ke Gartner, nts'etsopele ea theknoloji e ncha hangata e qala sebakeng sa pele, ebe mecha ea litaba e phahama le ho phatloha, 'me qetellong e fihla sehlohlolong sa ts'ebeliso ha theknoloji e ntse e hola. Ho ea ka mokhoa oa Wind Internet of Things Index, re ka fumana hore 2015 e ne e le tlhōrō ea indasteri ea Inthanete ea Lintho, 2016 e ne e le karolo e ka tlaase ea Inthanete ea Lintho, le bophahamo ba khoebo le index ea khoebo. Lefapha la Marang-rang la Lintho le ile la nyoloha butle-butle ho tloha 2019 ho isa 2020. Re lumela hore Marang-rang a lintho a fetile nako ea mohopolo oa hype, ho fihla indastering,molemo oa ho tsetela kholong ea karoloana.Ha re hetla morao nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea Marang-rang ea Lintho ka 2020, sebaka sa matsete se tla ba tlasa mekhoa e meraro:

Mokhoa oa 1: Maemo a ntse a fetoha a tšoanang

Maemo a puisano a fihla, tšebelisano-'moho ea selekane sa indasteri.1) Phethahatso ea maemo a puisano:Ka Mmesa 2020, Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseding (MIIT) le ile la fana ka Tsebiso mabapi le Kholiso ea Tsoelo-pele e Potlakileng ea 5G, e hlahisitseng litekanyetso le liprothokholo tsa bohlokoa tsa puisano ho khothaletsa 5G le LT-V2X kahong ea litoropo tse bohlale le lipalangoang tse bohlale.Ka Mots'eanong, Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseding (MIIT) le ile la fana ka Tsebiso mabapi le ho Tebisa Nts'etsopele e Felletseng ea Marang-rang a Lintho, a sisinya hore NB-iot le Cat1 li tla sebelisana ho etsa khokahano ea 2G/3G Internet of Things;Ka Phupu 2020, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) e nkile qeto ea ho etsa NB-iot le NR maemo a 5G.2) Tšebelisano ea Selekane sa Indasteri:Ka December 2020, tlas'a tataiso le tšehetso ea Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Boitsebiso, litsebi tse 24 tsa The Chinese Academy of Sciences le Chinese Academy of Sciences le likhoebo tse 65 tse etellang pele li ile tsa thakhola OLA Alliance ka kopanelo.OLA Alliance e tla ikemisetsa ho nts'etsapele litekanyetso tse amehang tsa Lintho TSOHLE, ho hlokomela kananelo le phapanyetsano le litekanyetso tsa lefats'e, le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea mahlale a amanang le liindasteri.

Mokhoa oa bobeli: Khokahano e tebileng ea theknoloji

Marang-rang a Lintho a arotsoe ka lihokelo tse 'ne: lera la maikutlo, lera la marang-rang, sethala sa sethala le sethala sa kopo.Ntlafatso ea theknoloji ea sehokelo ka seng e khothaletsa tsoelopele ea indasteri ea Marang-rang.Ntlafatso ea morao-rao ea theknoloji e bonahala haholo-holo ka lera la marang-rang le lera la kopo.Boemong ba marang-rang, khoebo ea 5G le push bakeng sa WiFi6 li ntlafalitse marang-rang a puisano, ho potlakisa tsoelo-pele e neng e lieha ea pele ea Marang-rang a Likoloi le Marang-rang a Liindasteri a Lintho.Boemong ba kopo, motsoako oa cloud computing, AI, blockchain le theknoloji e meng e nang le Inthanete ea Lintho e ntlafalitse boleng ba litšebeletso tsa kopo.

Mokhoa oa boraro: Sekala se seholohali papaling

Nakong e fetileng, libapali tse ka sehloohong tsa indasteri ea Inthanete ea Lintho e ne e le linatla tsa Inthanete tse nang le lichelete tse matla.Ba thehile maemo a mangata a Marang-rang a Lintho mme ba aha Marang-rang a Lintho tsa tikoloho.Seo re se bonang hona joale ke hore linatla tsa ketane eohle ea indasteri li kena tšimong ka tekanyo e kholo ho ntšetsa pele tsoelo-pele ea Inthanete ea Lintho.Li-giants tsa ketane ea indasteri li ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro:

1) Lera la maikutlo: E shebana haholo le bahlahisi ba li-hardware, ho kenyeletsoa baetsi ba li-chip (Qualcomm, Huawei), baetsi ba sensor (Bosch, Broad Com), baetsi ba module (Sierra Wireless, Remote Communications), joalo-joalo, tseo kaofela li qalileng. lihlahisoa tsa blockbuster iot, ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele lihlahisoa tsa hardware tse hōlileng tsebong le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa likarolo.

2) Lera la marang-rang: Haholo-holo bakeng sa basebelisi ba lithelefono, ba etellang pele kaho ea Marang-rang a Lintho le ho potlakisa morethetho oa khoebo oa Marang-rang a Lintho.Basebelisi ba lithelefono le bona ba nka monyetla oa mocha oa bona oa marang-rang ho holisa leano le holimo le tlase la ketane ea indasteri.

3) Sekhahla sa kopo: Haholo-holo bakeng sa linatla tsa Marang-rang le linatla tsa indasteri ea setso, linatla tsa Marang-rang li shebana le tataiso ho tloha TO C pheletsong ea B, linatla tsa indasteri ea setso (tse kang Haier, Midea, Siemens) li nka bohato ba ho khothaletsa ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang. ea Lintho masimong a bona, le ho kopitsa ka mafolofolo liindastering tse ling.

(2) Marang-rang a marang-rang a indasteri e telele ebile e tšesaane, 'me karolo ea maikutlo ke eona ea pele ea ho rua molemo

Letoto la liindasteri la Marang-rang la lintho le atoloha nako e telele le e tšesaane, 'me karolo ea maikutlo ke eona ea pele e ruang molemo.Ketane ea indasteri ea iot e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e mene:1) Ho arohana ha lera la kopo;2) Sethala sa Mattheu se hlahella;3) Ho phela hammoho ha litekanyetso tse ngata sebakeng sa marang-rang;4) Mokhoa oa ho kopanya oa lera la maikutlo.Lilemo tse hlano tse tlang e tla ba lilemo tse hlano tsa Inthanete ea Lintho ho atolosa khokahanyo, 'me melemo ea mantlha ke sensor, core chip, module, MCU, terminal le bahlahisi ba bang ba hardware.

4.2 Marang-rang a Likoloi ke e 'ngoe ea maemo a bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa a ts'ebeliso ea 5G, mme sebaka sa mmaraka lilemong tse leshome tse tlang se lebelletsoe ho fihla ho 2 trillion yuan.

Leano la pele, 'mapa oa likoloi tsa China tse bohlale le tse hokahaneng li hlakile.Ka Pulungoana 2020, The National Intelligent Connected Vehicle Innovation Center e ile ea lokolla "Intelligent Connected Vehicle Technology Roadmap 2.0" leano le bohlale le hokahaneng la ntlafatso ea likoloi.Ho tloha 2020 ho isa 2025, L2 le L3 likoloi tse ikemetseng tse hokahaneng tsa China li nkile karolo ea 50% ea kakaretso ea thekiso ea likoloi, 'me sekhahla sa kopano ea likoloi tsa CV2X se fihlile ho 50%.Likoloi tse ikemetseng li fihlella lits'ebetso tsa khoebo libakeng tse lekanyelitsoeng le maemo a ikhethileng;Ho tloha 2026 ho isa 2030, likoloi tse bohlale tse hokahaneng tsa l2-L3 li tla ikarabella ho feta 70% ea theko ea thekiso, mefuta ea ho khanna e ikemetseng ea L4 e tla ikarabella bakeng sa 20%, 'me lisebelisoa tsa koloi tse ncha tsa C-V2X li tla tsebahala haholo;Ho tloha ka 2031 ho isa ho 2035, mefuta eohle ea likoloi tse hokahaneng le likoloi tse ikemetseng tsa lebelo le phahameng li tla sebetsoa ka bophara;Kamora 2035, ho tla sebelisoa likoloi tsa baeti tse ikemetseng tsa L5.

Ho kengoa ka pele ha marang-rang a likoloi ho fetoha maemo, 'me sekhahla sa mojaro se ntlafatsoa butle-butle. Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tsa gaOGong Intelligent Vehicle Research Institute, ho tloha ka January ho ea ho September 2020, kotsi ea 4G Internet ea likoloi ke limilione tse 5.8591, ka kholo ea selemo le selemo ea 44.22%;Ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Loetse, sekhahla sa ho roala e ne e le 46.21%, hoo e ka bang 20% ​​selemo le selemo.T-box le mochine oa koloi ke lihlahisoa tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa thepa ea thepa ea koloi, 'me butle-butle e fetohile lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng' marakeng oa likoloi.

Likhamphani tsa likoloi li tla potlakisa sekhahla sa ho kenella ha likoloi tse ncha tse hokahaneng le ho hokahana le mekha e meng ho nts'etsapele 5G C-V2X. Li-oems tse kholo lapeng le kantle ho naha li khothaletsa Marang-rang a likoloi tse sebetsang tsa likoloi tse ncha, FAW, Ford, Changan, Ford le merero e meng ea ho fihlela liperesente tse 100 tsa likoloi tse ncha Chaena ka 2020. Ka nako e ts'oanang, lioveni li potlakisa moralo. ea 5G C-V2X ho hapa bophahamo ba theknoloji.Ka Mmesa 2019, lik'hamphani tse 13 tsa likoloi tsa China tse nang le mabitso a ikemetseng li ile tsa lokolla ka molao 'mapa oa Khoebo oa C-V2X naheng ea China, e shebane le fensetere ea nako ea 2020-2021 ho khothaletsa ts'ebeliso ea khoebo ea indasteri ea C-V2X naheng ea China.Boemong ba hona joale, bahlahisi bohle ba ka sehloohong ba li-module ba potlakisa sebopeho sa sebaka sa puisano sa likoloi tsa 5G, 'me HUAWEI, Yuyuan Communications le li-module tse ling tsa puisano tsa 5G li rekisitsoe khoebong.

Marang-rang a Likoloi ke e 'ngoe ea theknoloji e holileng ka ho fetesisa, sebaka se pharalletseng ka ho fetesisa, le maemo a felletseng a ts'ebeliso ea liindasteri tlasa 5G.Ho hakanngoa hore sebaka se pakeng tsa 2020 le 2030 se batla se le 2 trillion yuan, amo.Marang-rang a Likoloi ke e 'ngoe ea maemo a ts'ebeliso e nang le theknoloji e tsoetseng pele haholo, mng eo "koloi e bohlale", "tsela e bohlale" le "tšebelisano ea likoloi" e leng li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 8350, li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 2950 le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 763 ka ho latellana.Hajoale, indasteri ea Marang-rang ea Likoloi e tobane le lintlha tse tharo: maano, theknoloji le indasteri.Ho lebelletsoe hore sekhahla sa kholo ea indasteri se tla feta 60% ka 2020. Boemong ba tekheniki, c-V2X, thekenoloji ea bohlokoa ea puisano bakeng sa Marang-rang a Likoloi, e ntse e hōla haholoanyane.Khatelo-pele e ntle e entsoe likarolong tsohle ho tloha ho maemo ho isa ho tsa indasteri ea r&d ho ​​isa lipontšong tsa likopo.Boemong ba indasteri, linatla tsa theknoloji, baetsi ba likoloi le bahlahisi ba maru ke matla a mararo a etellang pele ka mokhoa o tebileng oa moralo.Sepheo sa hajoale sa marang-rang a likoloi le khokahano ea litsela ke ho potlakisa sekhahla sa indasteri.

Ho itšetlehile ka molao-motheo oa "litšenyehelo-molemo", lebelo le ka sehloohong la kaho ea Inthanete ea Likoloi le tla fetoha pakeng tsa "bohlale bo le bong" le "bohlale bo kopanetsoeng".Ka lehlakoreng la koloi, re lumela hore ka 2020-2025, sekhahla sa ho kenella ha L1/2/3 ho khanna ka boithaopo se tla imena habeli, boleng ba koloi e le 'ngoe bo tla eketseha ka makhetlo a fetang 15, mme karolo ea boleng ba software e tla eketseha ho feta 30%;Ka lehlakoreng la tsela, re nahana hore tsela e tsamaeang ka potlako le mateano a motse e tla ba tataiso ea pele ea ho fihla ha "tsela e bohlale", 'me kaho ea pele e itšetlehile ka thepa ea thepa.Ka lehlakoreng la marang-rang, mohato oa pele oa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ke haholo-holo ho theha likamano.Ka kaho ea marang-rang a 5G le ho khothaletsoa ha C-V2X ka 2020, tšebelisano-'moho ea koloi le 'mila e tla hlokomela leqhubu la pele la ho lulisa ho hoholo, ka hona ho hula selelekela sa nts'etsopele ea marang-rang a likoloi ho tloha ho bohlale bo le bong. ho bohlale bo kopanetsoeng.

Re nahana hore 2020 ke sebaka sa pele sa marang-rang sa likoloi se oelang fatše, koloi e bohlale, bohlale ba 'mila le boiteko ba tšebelisano' moho le litsela tsa ho haha ​​​​lintlha tse tharo li tla hokahanngoa, ho latela morethetho oa indasteri ea hona joale ea tšebelisano ea C - koloi ea V2X. ketane ke haholo-holo hlokomelehang, ka hona, re fana ka maikutlo a hore mojule puisano ya waelese, isang ho fallela hōle puisano, bohlale lipalangoang tharollo Baetsi ba sekete saense le thekenoloji, RSU baetsi ba Genvict thekenoloji, WANji thekenoloji, OBU/ T-lebokose amanang bahlahisi phahameng hlaha le bahlahisi ba li-server tsa komporo ea maqhubu.Ntle le moo, re etsa qeto ea hore baesekele e bohlale e tla tsoela pele ho nts'etsapele, L1/L2/L3 sekhahla sa ho kenella ka mokhoa o ikemetseng ke mokhoa, ka hona ho khothaletsoa ho ela hloko bahlahisi ba bohlokoa, ho kenyeletsoa moetsi oa software ea bohlale ea cockpit Zhongkichuang da, moetapele oa IVI. Desai Xiwei, moetsi oa DMS Rui Ming Technology, joalo-joalo.

4.3 Smart Home - Ts'ebetsong ea tharollo e bohlale ea sehlahisoa se le seng bakeng sa tharollo e bohlale ea ntlo eohle

Tekanyo ea 'maraka oa lehae o bohlale oa China e ntse e hola butle-butle,' me lihlahisoa le tikoloho ke tsona tse ka sehloohong tsa katleho ea nako e tlang.Indasteri ea lehae e bohlale ea China e qalile ka morao ho nako, mme ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea theknoloji e potlakile, e sutumelletsa lehae le bohlale la China tseleng e potlakileng.Ho latela IDC, China e rometse lihlahisoa tse bohlale tsa lapeng tse limilione tse 208 ka selemo sa 2019, moo ts'ireletso e bohlale, libui tse bohlale, mabone a bohlale le lihlahisoa tse ling li rometsoe tse ling.Ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea seoa sena le lintlha tse ling tse kholo, 2020 e lebelletsoe ho hola ka 3% selemo le selemo, e tla ba selemo sa bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea mmaraka.Mebaraka e bohlale ea lapeng, AI le mahlale a mang a ntse a le mothating oa katleho, boiphihlelo ba basebelisi bo hloka ho ntlafatsoa, ​​​​ecosystem ka kakaretso ha e so thehoe.Nakong e tlang ea ho putlama ha 'maraka, matla a sehlahisoa le ecology bakeng sa mantlha a katleho ea nako e tlang.

OLA Alliance e thehiloe ho khothaletsa khokahanyo e bohlale ea lapeng.Ka la 1 Tšitoe, Open Link Association (OLA Alliance) e ile ea thakholoa ka kopanelo ke barutehi ba 24, China Federation of Industrial Economics, Alibaba, Baidu, Haier, Huawei, JD, Xiaomi, China Telecom, China Institute of Information and Communication, China Mobile le mekhatlo e meng.OLA Alliance e ikemiselitse ho fana ka papali e felletseng molemong oa indasteri ea lapeng ea lintho, ho aha maemo a kopaneng a khokahano le tikoloho ea indasteri ea Marang-rang ea Lintho ka theknoloji e etellang pele e lumellanang le litšobotsi tsa indasteri ea China, le ho e bula le ho e khothaletsa lefatshe.Ho latela moralo oa sehlahisoa sa OLA Alliance, sehlopha sa pele sa lihlahisoa se ipapisitse le maemo a khokahanyo a OLA Alliance, ho kenyeletsoa libui tse bohlale, liheke, li-routers, li-air conditioner, mabone a bohlale, limatlase tsa mamati, sethala sa maru le lits'ebetso, li tla hlokomela sethala, tšebelisano-'moho ea lihlahisoa tse fapaneng le tse fapaneng, tse khothalelitseng haholo ts'ebetso ea nts'etsopele ea lehae le bohlale Chaena.
Smart Home ho tloha ho lihlahisoa tse bohlale tse le 'ngoe ho ea ho sebaka se le seng sa ho lulisa.Nakong ea pele ea nts'etsopele ea matlo a bohlale, li-terminals tsa sehlahisoa se le seng e ne e le tsona tse ka sehloohong, Wi-Fi, APP le leru e ne e le lisebelisoa tse tharo tse tloaelehileng, 'me libui tse bohlale li ile tsa fetoha' maraka o moholo oa sebaka.Ka liforomo tsa marang-rang tsa lapeng tse kang Ali le Xiaomi ba kenang mahala bakeng sa bohle, libui tse bohlale li kena potolohong ea theko e tlase.Hajoale, sebaka sa lapeng se arotsoe, 'me mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tse bohlale e ntse e eketseha, e hlahisang mefuta ea lihlahisoa tse bohlale tse hōlileng tsebong tse kang mabone a bohlale, lik'hamera tse bohlale, li-switches tse bohlale joalo-joalo,' me e bula mehla ea lehae le le leng le bohlale. ntlo yohle e bohlale.Nakong e tlang, ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea theknoloji e mene ea bohlokoa ea Inthanete ea Lintho, cloud computing, edge computing le bohlale ba maiketsetso, palo e kholo ea lisebelisoa e tla ba AloT, 'me khokahanyo pakeng tsa tlase le leru e tla teba haholoanyane.Motheong oa palo e kholo ea ts'ebeliso ea data ea basebelisi, tlhoko ea ho theha litšoantšo bakeng sa tlhahlobo e tla teba.

Smart lapeng indasteri ketane: sebaka sa lisebelisoa tse holimo se khothaletsoa, ​​​​'me mokhoa oa tlhōlisano oa bohareng ke "likarolo tse tharo tsa lefats'e".

Holimo: Karolo e ka holimo ea ntlo e bohlale e arotsoe ka hardware le software.

Hardware:Li-chips tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ntlo e bohlale ha e le hantle li tšoana le li-chips tse tloaelehileng indastering ea Lintho tsa Marang-rang.Hajoale, thepa e kholoanyane e ntse e le baetsi ba li-chip ba mose ho maoatle, joalo ka Qualcomm, Nvidia, Intel, joalo-joalo. Domestic Lexin Technology e tsitlallela ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa AIoT chip le nts'etsopele le boqapi, 'me ke e mong oa barekisi ba ka sehloohong tšimong ea Wi-Fi MCU. li-chips Inthaneteng ea Lintho.Matla a matla a ho kenya sebaka sa kantle le tlholisano ea 'maraka oa lapeng.Mabapi le molaoli ea bohlale, likhoebo tse etellang pele tsa malapeng li na le likarolo tsa heertai le Topang.

Software: Sepheo sa catalysis ea software ke thekenoloji ea puisano e se nang mohala ea Inthanete ea Lintho.Tekanyetso e batlang e kopane ea puisano ea indasteri e tla theoa butle-butle ho etsa hore ntlo e bohlale e laolehe ka nako efe kapa efe.Libapali tse kholo tsa lapeng li kenyelletsa Huawei le ZTE.Theknoloji ea leru e sebelisoa haholo malapeng a bohlale, 'me mahlale a maiketsetso a mahlale a kang temoho ea mochini le temoho ea mohlala le ona a lula a ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho sebelisana ba lehae le bohlale.Likhamphani tsa meralo ea lehae li kenyelletsa BAT le Huawei.

Midstream: Smart home midstream e kenyelletsa baetsi ba lihlahisoa tse bohlale le li-platform, ho na le mefuta e meraro ea likhoebo tse lokelang ho nka karolo tlholisanong.Likhoebo tse tloaelehileng tsa lisebelisoa tsa lapeng, tse kang Gree, Haier, Midea, joalo-joalo, li hlahisitse lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa tsa lapeng tse bohlale, 'me ho latela mekhahlelo e ruileng ea lisebelisoa tsa lapeng, li sebelisana le bafani ba litšebeletso tsa software ho aha sethala sa ecosystem.Likhamphani tsa thekenoloji ea Marang-rang, joalo ka BAT, Huawei le Xiaomi, li ralile tikoloho e bohlale ea lehae ka melemo ea bona ea thekenoloji.Ka mohlala, Xiaomi e sebelisitse leano la "1 + 4 + N", le nkang lithelefono tsa cellular e le TVS ea mantlha le e bohlale, libui, li-routers le li-laptops e le ho kena ho theha matrix a sehlahisoa le ho theha liforomo tsa IoT.Likhoebo tse ncha li arotsoe ka likampo tse peli.E ’ngoe e shebana le tlhophiso ea lihlahisoa tse bohlale, tse kang Luka, ’me e ’ngoe e fana ka litharollo, tse kang Oribo.

Tlase: Sebaka se tlase sa ntlo e bohlale ke mocha oa thekiso o shebaneng le basebelisi, o hlokomelang thekiso e felletseng ka thuso ea thekiso ea inthanete le kantle ho marang-rang.Mefuta e ikhethileng e kenyelletsa: sethala sa e-commerce, thekiso ea O2O, holo ea boiphihlelo ea lapeng e bohlale, jj.

4.4 Marang-rang a Satellite e kenyelelitsoe litsing tsa motheo tse ncha, e kenyang tlhahiso e kholo

Marang-rang a marang-rang a tla koala karohano ea dijithale, ka chelete e kenang ea satellite e fetang $30 bilione ka 2024.Ka la 20 Mmesa, 2020, Marang-rang a marang-rang a ile a hlalosoa e le "lisebelisoa tse ncha" ka lekhetlo la pele.Ka 2019, sekhahla sa lefats'e sa ho kenela Marang-rang se ne se le 53.6%, mme hoo e ka bang halofo ea baahi ba lefatše e ne e le "ntle le marang-rang".Ha ho bapisoa le setsi sa setsi sa fatše, Marang-rang a marang-rang a na le melemo e kang ho koahela hohle, litšenyehelo tse tlaase le ho se be le lithibelo tsa sebaka, 'me ke e' ngoe ea litharollo tsa bohlokoa tsa ho rarolla karohano ea digital le ho haha ​​​​khokahano ea lefats'e.Ka ntlafatso ea thekenoloji, lisathelaete tse nang le lisebelisoa tse ngata butle-butle li nkela sebaka sa lisathelaete tse tloaelehileng tsa puisano.Lekeno la indasteri ea sathelaete e tsoetseng pele e fihlile ho rona $ 9.1 bilione ka 2019, ka sekhahla sa kholo e kopaneng ea hoo e ka bang 30% lipakeng tsa 2018 le 2024. Mehloli e meholo ea lekeno ke marang-rang, likhokahano tsa mehala, le khoebo ea likhoebo.

Letoto la liindasteri la puisano ka lisathelaete le atolositsoe, 'me sebaka sa 'maraka oa c-end se atolositsoe.Hona joale, tlhahiso ea fatše le lisebelisoa tsa sathelaete li ikarabella bakeng sa 90% ea chelete ea indasteri ea sathelaete, 'me litšebeletso tsa c-terminal broadband, litšebeletso tsa marang-rang tsa likoloi le tsa sechaba e tla ba mehloli e meholo ea chelete ea lefats'e ea satellite ka 2030. Hajoale, puisano ea satellite. indasteri le indasteri ea theknoloji ea tlhahisoleseling e na le fusion e tebileng butle-butle, lits'ebeletso tsa puisano tsa sathelaete tsa nako e tlang li tla etsoa ke sesebelisoa se le seng se sebelisang lits'ebeletso tsa tlhaiso-leseling tsa boleng bo holimo, joalo ka ho etsa tlhoko ea ho khanna ka boiketsetso bakeng sa khokahano ea marang-rang, ho hlokomela maemo a marang-rang a lisebelisoa, jj. ., khokahano eohle ho basebelisi ba C end ho fana ka tharollo ea puisano ea boleng.

Likopo tse fetang 10,000 tsa sathelaete li phethiloe, tse tšoaeang nako ea nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea Marang-rang a China a sathelaete.Ka la 4 Tšitoe 2020, China e ne e se e phatlalalitse li-satellite tse 75, e maemong a bobeli lefatšeng, 'me e phethetse karolo ea pele ea projeke ea eona ea pele ea satellite ea Marang-rang ea Lintho.Ka la 28 Loetse 2020, China e ile ea kenya semolao ho itu data ea marang-rang ea orbit le frequency application ea sehlopha sa linaleli se seholo sa China sa orbit low, se nang le kakaretso ea lisathelaete tse 12,992.Ka keketseho ea bokhoni ba lisathelaete tse ngata ka roketeng e le 'ngoe le ho fokotseha ha theko ea ho qala, China e tla kena nakong e matla ea ho hlahisoa ha satellite ka 2021.

E 'ngoe ea lintho tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phethela mosebetsi o moholo oa marang-rang a sathelaete ke ho fihla ha fektheri e kholo ea tlhahiso ea sathelaete. Mabapi le likhoebo tsa 'muso, Setsi sa Boenjiniere sa Satellite sa Shanghai Micro, se hahiloeng ka kopanelo ke Sekolo sa Mahlale sa China le Toropo ea Shanghai, se rera ho aha feme ea boqapi ea sathelaete mohatong oa bobeli.Sathelaete ea Dongfanghong e sa tsoa sebelisana le Aihualu Robot ho iketsetsa kopano ea melapo ea tlhahiso ea lehae ea li-micro-satellites tsa khoebo ka liroboto tse bohlale.Mabapi le likhoebo tsa poraefete, lifeme tsa Satellite tsa Yinhe Aerospace, Nintian Microstar le Guoxing Aerospace li se li thakhotsoe ka molao, 'me koloi e kholo ea Geely le eona e se e qalile ho kenela morero oa sathelaete.

Tšehetso ea lichelete bakeng sa likhoebo tsa sebaka sa poraefete e se e tsoetse pele, 'me bokhoni ba ho qala bo tsitsitseng le bo tsitsitseng ke senotlolo. Ha theknoloji ea ho khutlisa rokete ea Space X e fokolitse haholo litšenyehelo tsa ho qala 'me e atlehile ho qala mesebetsi e mengata ea linaleli tse 60 ka sethunya se le seng, matsete a sebaka sa khoebo a eketsehile.Ho tloha ka la 4 Tšitoe, ho latela tlhaiso-leseling e lokollotsoeng ke 36KR, kakaretso ea linako tse 14 tsa lichelete li etsahetse lekaleng la sebaka sa khoebo ka 2020, tse 8 tsa tsona li kenyelletsa chelete e fetang RMB 100 milione.Har'a bona, Changguang Satellite e qetile RMB 2.464 bilione pele ho IPO pota-pota lichelete, Blue Arrow Space e qetile RMB 1.3 bilione C+ pota-pota lichelete.Ka mor'a letsete, boleng ba Galaxy Space ke hoo e ka bang li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 8, ho fetoha khoebo ea pele ea unicorn tšimong ea satellite Internet, 'me motse-moholo o tsepamisitsoe hloohong.Ha ho bapisoa le linatla tsa mose ho maoatle Space X le OneWeb, lik'hamphani tsa poraefete tsa Sepakapaka tsa China li ntse li na le lekhalo le leholo mabapi le bokhoni ba ho qala, 'me ke tse peli feela ho tse' nè tsa lirokete tsa khoebo tse atlehileng.Ho phethahala hoa khoebo e koetsoeng ke ntlha ea bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng ea likhoebo nakong e tlang, 'me bokhoni ba ho qala bo tsitsitseng le bo tsitsitseng ke ntlha ea mantlha.Ka Pulungoana 2020, Xinghe-powered Ceres 1 e ile ea kenngoa ka mokhoa o atlehileng, 'me teko ea sebaka sa Blue Arrow e ile ea atleha.E lebelletsoe ho etsa sefofane sa eona sa pele selemong se tlang.

Ho hakanngoa hore boleng ba tlhahiso ea indasteri ea satellite ea Chaena bo tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 600-860 lilemong tse robong tse tlang.Ho ea ka THE ITU, sehlopha sa linaleli se reriloeng se tla hloka ho hlahisa halofo ea lisathelaete tsa eona nakong ea lilemo tse ts'eletseng le ho hlahisoa ka botlalo nakong ea tse robong.Boemo bo se nang tšepo ke hore 75% ea lisathelaete e tla hlahisoa lilemong tse robong tse tlang, ka li-satellite tse 2,450, 'me boemo bo nang le tšepo ke hore 100% ea lisathelaete e tla hlahisoa, ka li-satellite tse 3,500.Ho hakanngoa hore lilemong tse robong tse tlang, boleng ba tlhahiso ea indasteri ea satellite ea Chaena bo tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 600-860.

Leano la matsete le fana ka maikutlo a ho etsa tlhahiso pele, ebe o retelehela ho matsete a indasteri a tlase.Re lumela hore lenaneo la Internet Satellite Constellation le tla qala ka ho hlahisa le ho hlahisa li-satellite, 'me ka mor'a hore marang-rang a pele a phethoe bakeng sa ts'ebeletso, tlhahiso ea thepa ea fatše le lisebelisoa tsa satellite li tla qala.Menyetla ea matsete a indasteri e qala ho tsetela lik'hamphaning tse holimo tsa indasteri tse kang tlhahiso ea sathelaete le ho qala ka sathelaete, ebe butle-butle e fetohela ho lik'hamphani tse tsamaisang thepa e tlase joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa fatše, ts'ebetso ea sathelaete le ts'ebeliso ea sathelaete.

Ho etsa lisathalaete: e etelletsoeng pele ke "sehlopha sa naha", se tlatselletsoang ke likhoebo tse ikemetseng.Lefapheng la tlhahiso ea sathelaete, likhoebo tsa 'Muso tse emeloang ke likhoebo tsa sefofane le sesole le Setsi sa Naha sa Patlisiso ea Ts'ireletso li na le matla a ikhethang 'me li khona ho fihlela thomello eohle ea sathalaete le ho thakhola mesebetsi, e nkang maemo a ka sehloohong.Dikgwebo tse kgolo tsa mmuso tsa tlhahiso ya sathalaete di kenyeletsa: 1) Setheo sa Bohlano sa Saense ya Sepakapaka le Thekenoloji, se sebetsanang le ntshetsopele ya thekenoloji ya lefaufau le difofa-sebakeng, mme se ntlafaditse le ho thakgola difofane tse fetang 200;2) China Satellite (k'hamphani e thathamisitsoeng e laoloang ke Fifth Academy of Aerospace Sciences), e nang le mekhoa e mengata ea liindasteri tsa nts'etsopele ea sathelaete e nyenyane, ho kopanya tsamaiso ea satellite fatše, tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho qetela le tšebeletso ea ts'ebetso ea satellite;3) Shanghai Academy of Space Technology, setsi sa mantlha sa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea lisathelaete tsa meteorological le li-remote sensing satellite tsa China;4) Setsi sa bobeli sa Aerospace Science le Industry, moeta-pele oa "Hongyun Project" kaho, joalo-joalo Satellite etsa likhoebo poraefete na le matsatsi a robong micro naleli, Changguang satellite, tianyi Research Institute, Guoyu Star, Qianxun positioning, micro nano naleli le tse ling tse. ho qala, tsamaiso ea likhoebo tsa poraefete ea tenyetseha, e ka sebelisoa e le tlatsetso e sebetsang ho likhoebo tsa mmuso.

Ho qala satellite:China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation le China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation ke "lihlopha tsa naha" tsa lirokete tse tsamaisang thepa, 'me likhoebo tsa poraefete li se li fihletse ho qala ka katleho.Aerospace sehlopha sa mahlale le thekenoloji le sehlopha sa sefofane sa mahlale le indasteri se nkile hoo e ka bang tsohle li jara mollo naheng ea rona mesebetsi ea kaho ea motsu, ho kenyeletsoa sebaka sa theknoloji ea sebaka., letoto le lelelele la lirokete le ka tloha ho tse nyane ho isa ho tse boima, ho tloha ho tiileng ho isa ho enjene ea rokete ea mokelikeli, sekoaelo sa tandem. sebono kaofela, ho tloha mofuteng oa letoto la li-parallel ho ea ho thomello ea hona joale ea nako e telele ea ho tsamaea Rocket ea mopalami e fetile letšoao la 300;Lirokete tsa Casic's Pioneer le Kuaizhou ke lirokete tse nyane, tse nang le enjene e tiileng tse reretsoeng ho qala ho potoloha lefatše.Har'a likhoebo tsa poraefete tse sa tsoa thehoa, Star Glory, Blue Arrow space, Onespace le Lingke Space li qetile ka tatellano mesebetsi ea tsona ea pele ea ho qala ho tloha ka 2018. Hajoale, lirokete tsa poraefete kaofela li nakong ea kholo, 'me boholo ba tsona li molemong oa nts'etsopele. ho tlola ho tloha ho rokete e tiileng ho isa ho rokete e metsi.

Likhamphani tsa lisebelisoa tsa satellite li arohane, 'me China Satcom e na le matla a ho sebetsa ka satellite.Lisebelisoa tsa fatše tsa satellite li arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang a fatše le lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa basebelisi.China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, China Satellite, Big Dipper Star, Hage Communications, China Haida joalo-joalo e ameha kahong ea thepa ea fatše.Khamphani e le 'ngoe feela ea ts'ebetso ea satellite naheng ea China ke China Satcom, e laolang' maraka oa ts'ebetso ea satellite.Bahlahisi ba bang ba lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho sathelaete ba kenyelletsa Aerospace Hongtu, Hualichuangtong, software ea Hypermap, unistrong, joalo-joalo.
5. Ho khanna ka bohlale: Bohlale ke monyetla o moholo ka ho fetisisa, 'me monyetla o ka sehloohong o ka har'a ketane ea phepelo

5.1 Ka ho kena ha Huawei ka har'a likoloi tse bohlale, ketane ea boleng ba indasteri e tobane le ho hlophisoa bocha

Intellectualization ke monyetla oo ho seng mohla o kileng oa bonoa lilemong tse 30 tse tlang.Bohlale ba koloi ke e 'ngoe ea liketsahalo tsa bohlokoahali mehleng ea bohlale.Indasteri ea likoloi ho isa bohōleng bo itseng e tla pheta phetoho ho tloha ho mechini e sebetsang ho ea ho li-smartphone, 'me ketane ea phepelo ea liindasteri le ketane ea boleng e tla hlophisoa bocha.Hajoale, theknoloji ea ICT le indasteri ea likoloi li ntse li etsahala botebong ba khokahanyo, khomphutha le bohlale e tla ba sebaka se secha sa taolo ea leano la indasteri.Mmaraka oa setso oa likoloi, o ka bang makhetlo a mararo ho feta li-smartphone, o na le leano le ho feta.Liselefounu tse ka bang limilione tse likete tse 1.8 li rometsoe lefatšeng ka bophara 'me 'maraka oa lefats'e o na le chelete e ka bang $500 bilione, ho latela IDC.Ho latela Mokhatlo oa Machabeng oa Baetsi ba Likoloi, likoloi tsa likoloi tsa bapalami lefatšeng ka bophara ka 2019 e ne e le li-unit tse limilione tse 64.34, mme kakaretso ea likoloi e ne e le li-unit tse limilione tse 91.36.Ho ipapisitsoe le kakaretso ea theko ea likoloi tsa bapalami ea li-yuan tse 200,000, 'maraka oa lefats'e oa likoloi tsa bapalami feela o fihletse lidolara tse libilione tse 1.8.Mmaraka oa likoloi ke oa leano ho Huawei ho feta 'maraka oa li-smartphone oa $ 500 bilione.

Ho ea ka pono ea nako, boemo ba bohlale ba likoloi bo ntlafalitsoe ka potlako, 'me indasteri ea likoloi e fetoha ho tloha ho tlhahiso ea setso ho ea ho tlhahiso ea theknoloji.Ho latela China Automotive Research And Development Co., LTD., Ho likoloi tse ncha tse 573 tse qalileng pakeng tsa Pherekhong le Mphalane 2020, 239 e tla ba le ts'ebetso ea ho khanna e ikemetseng ea L1, athe 249 e tla ba le ts'ebetso ea ho khanna e ikemetseng ea L2.Ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Mphalane 2020, sekhahla sa kopano ea mesebetsi ea lithuso tsa mokhanni oa L1 le L2 se fihlile ho feta 40%, 'me ho lebelletsoe hore se tla tsoela pele ho nyoloha le nakong e tlang.

Sekhahla sa ho kenella ha motlakase le ho kenngoa ha motlakase se ntse se eketseha ka potlako, ha ho khanna ka bohlale ho ntse ho le boemong ba pele.Hajoale, leha sekhahla sa ho kenella ha L1/L2 likoloi tse hokahaneng tse bohlale se fihlile hoo e ka bang 30%, e lekanang le boemo ba ho kenella ha li-smartphones tsa lefats'e ka 2011, ho khanna ka bohlale lefatšeng ka bophara ho ntse ho le mohatong oa pele oa bohlale.Nakong e tlang, ka khoebo ea butle-butle ea 5G-V2X, ts'ebelisano 'moho ea 'mapa oa litlhaloso tse phahameng le tsela, le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea boemo bo bohlale ba libaesekele, ho khanna ka bohlale ho tla tlola butle ho tloha L1/L2 ho ea L3/L4 ho fihlela L5.

Ho kena ha Huawei likoloing tse bohlale ka nako ena ke khetho e ke keng ea qojoa e kopanyang matla a eona mme e lumellana le mokhoa oa indasteri.Ho latela nalane, matsete a maholo a Huawei likhoebong tse ncha ka kakaretso a kopana le maemo a mabeli: ea pele, matla a maholo a mmaraka;Ea bobeli, ho tloha nakong ea nako, 'maraka ke bosiung ba ntlafatso e potlakileng ea ho kenella.

Haufinyane Huawei o lokolotse mofuta o felletseng oa tharollo ea koloi e bohlale ea HI, mme matrix a sehlahisoa sa Marang-rang a likoloi a thehiloe ka botlalo. Ka la 30 Mphalane, 2020, Huawei o ile a hlahisa HI (Huawei Intelligent Automotive Solution), mofuta o ikemetseng oa tharollo ea likoloi tsa Intelligent, ha e qala sehlahisoa sa eona se secha sa selemo le selemo.Tharollo ea koloi e bohlale ea HI e felletseng e kenyelletsa meralo ea 1 ea likhomphutha le meaho ea puisano le litsamaiso tse bohlale tsa 5, ho khanna ka bohlale, cockpit e bohlale, motlakase o bohlale, marang-rang a bohlale le leru le bohlale la koloi, hammoho le sehlopha se felletseng sa likarolo tse bohlale tse kang lidar, AR-HUD.Algorithm e ncha ea HI le sistimi ea ts'ebetso e kenyelletsa li-platform tse tharo tsa komporo, sethala sa khomphutha se bohlale, sethala se bohlale sa cockpit computing le sethala sa taolo ea likoloi tse bohlale, hammoho le sistimi e meraro ea ts'ebetso ea AOS (sistimi ea ho khanna e bohlale), HOS (sistimi e bohlale ea cockpit) le VOS. (mokhoa o bohlale oa ho laola koloi).

1) Meaho e le 'ngoe ea likhomphutha le puisano. Ho ipapisitsoe le mesebetsi ea likarolo tsa elektronike tsa likoloi, meralo ea likhomphutha ea Huawei le meaho ea puisano e arotsoe ka likarolo tse tharo: ho khanna, cockpit, le taolo ea koloi, mme e fana ka liforomo tse tharo tsa komporo le lits'ebetso tse sebetsang.Meaho ena e thusa baetsi ba likoloi ba setso ho potlakisa ts'ebetso ea likoloi tse hlalositsoeng ke software le ho hlokomela mofuta o mocha oa khoebo o nang le lisebelisoa tse nkeloang sebaka le software e ntlafalitsoeng.

2) Litsamaiso tse hlano tse bohlale.Huawei e ntlafatsa marang-rang a marang-rang a marang-rang a marang-rang a likoloi, e fana ka litsamaiso tse hlano tse bohlale.Lehlakore la ho qetela le fana ka tsamaiso e bohlale ea ho khanna le matla a bohlale, tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea tsamaiso e bohlale ea marang-rang e koahela letoto la lihlahisoa tse kang mojule oa puisano, T-box le marang-rang a marang-rang, 'me lehlakore la leru le fana ka tšebeletso ea leru la huawei cloud-based autonomous driving leru le. Sistimi ea li-cockpit e bohlale ea HiCar.

3) 30+ likarolo tse bohlale.Tlhōlisanong e tobileng le Tier1 ea setso, Huawei e fetoha 'maraka o ntseng o eketseha Tier ea likoloi tse bohlale, e fana ka ka kotloloho likarolo tse bohlale tse kang lidar le AR HUD ho likhoebo tsa likoloi.

Hajoale, 'maraka oa marang-rang oa likoloi le ho khanna ka bohlale o laoloa ke linatla tsa machaba tsa Tier1.Boemo ba Huawei ke ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho thekenoloji ea ICT le ho ba morekisi ea eketsang karolo, a tobane le 70% ea 'maraka o ntseng o eketseha.Kamora nako e telele, re lumela hore Huawei e lebelletsoe ho tlatsa lekhalo la lapeng mme e be morekisi oa maemo a holimo oa Tier1 joalo ka Bosch le Mainland China.

5.2 Ho khanna ka bohlale: tsepamisa maikutlo ponong ea moralo + lera la ho etsa liqeto, sethala sa komporo le kholo e matla ea lidar.

Sistimi ea ho khanna e bohlale ke karolo ea mantlha e ntseng e eketseha ea koloi e bohlale e fapaneng le koloi ea setso, e ka aroloang ka lera la maikutlo, lera la liqeto le lera la bolaoli.Hajoale, Huawei e na le sebopeho sa tsona kaofela.Sensing layer (leihlo le tsebe) : haholo-holo e kenyelletsa lik'hamera, radar ea millimeter-wave, lidar le li-sensor tse ling ho hlokomela pono ea tikoloho.Lera la ho etsa liqeto (boko) : ho kenyelletsa le li-chips le sethala sa komporo, se ikarabellang bakeng sa ho sebetsana le tlhahisoleseling, 'me se ipapisitse le tlhaiso-leseling ea ho bolela esale pele, ho ahlola, le ho fana ka litaelo.The executive layer (matsoho le maoto: ho kenyeletsa braking, steering, joalo-joalo, e na le boikarabelo ba ho phethahatsa litaelo le ho etsa liketso tse kang braking, steering, lane change, joalo-joalo 'Maraka oa likarolo tse ntseng li eketseha tse tlisoang ke ho khanna ka bohlale li haholo-holo sebakeng sa maikutlo. qeto, ha karolo ea phethahatso e bua ka ntlafatso le ho ikamahanya le maemo.

Re hakanya hore sebaka se ntseng se eketseha sa ho khanna ka bohlale (ho utloa le ho etsa liqeto) 'marakeng oa likoloi tsa baeti oa Chaena se tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 220.8 ka 2025 le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 500 ka 2030. Har'a tsona, boleng ba boemo ba ho etsa liqeto ke bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa, palo e fetang 50%.Mabapi le sekhahla sa kholo, sethala sa komporo le lidar li na le kholo e ntle ka ho fetisisa, e nang le sekhahla sa kholo e kopaneng ea 30% lilemong tse leshome tse tlang.

Menyetla ea matsete: Kholo e matla ka ho fetesisa lilemong tse leshome tse tlang e tla ba sethaleng sa likhomphutha, li-lidar le lik'hamera tsa koloi, tse shebaneng le phepelo ea thepa le menyetla ea machabeng.

Huawei e na le melemo e matla ea lisebelisoa le sethala sa komporo lefapheng la ho khanna ka bohlale, 'me ho kenya letsoho ho matla ho thusa ho potlakisa ts'ebetso ea khoebo ea ketane eohle ea indasteri.Lebaleng la kh'amera ea maikutlo joalo ka kh'amera, ho hlahile lik'hamphani tse ngata tse hlolisang lefats'e ka bophara China, joalo ka Sunny Optics, Howe Technology, joalo-joalo, tse tla u tsoela molemo kholong ea kakaretso le karolo ea 'maraka oa likoloi.Ka nako e telele, li-lidar le li-platform tsa computing li na le tebello e matla ka ho fetisisa ea ho hōla lilemong tse 10 tse latelang, 'me le hoja tlhōlisano e ntse e sa le monyenyane' me sebaka sa naha se le hōle le ho tsitsisa, ho ka tsepamisa maikutlo ho lik'hamphani tsa pele tsa khoebo tse nang le moqapi oa pele. molemo le bokhoni ba ho atolosa matjhabeng.

Khamphani ea bohlokoa indastering ea lapeng

Khamera e ka har'a board: Sainty Optics (lense ea optical), Weil Holdings (sensor ea setšoantšo)

Lidar: Lasai Technology, Radium God Intelligence, Sagittarius juchuang

Sethala sa komporo: Huawei, Horizon Line Control: Bethel

5.3 Smart Cockpit: Sisteme ea infotainment ea koloi ke eona konokono, e shebaneng le barekisi ba nang le melemo ea tlholisano ho hardware ea mantlha, sistimi e sebetsang/software.
Bohlale bo tla fetola ka ho feletseng mokhoa oa khoebo oa setso, ho rekisa likoloi ha e sa tla hlola e e-ba ntlha ea ho qetela ea bohlokoa empa e le ntlha e ncha ea ho qala.Cockpit ke setsi sa tšebelisano e bohlale pakeng tsa batho le likoloi.Sebakeng sohle sa batho, koloi le lehae, phihlelo e tsitsitseng ea lipapali tse ngata ke senotlolo sa cockpit e bohlale.

Re lumela hore cockpit e bohlale ke ts'ebeliso e holileng ka ho fetesisa ts'ebetsong ea ho khanna ka bohlale,'me boholo ba' maraka bo lebelletsoe ho fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 100 ka 2025 le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 152.7 ka 2030. Har'a bona, tsamaiso ea boithabiso ea likoloi e ne e le 60% e phahameng ka ho fetisisa kapa joalo. Thepa ea hardware le software ea cockpit e bohlale e se e qalile ho fapana.Litsenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa tse kang skrini lia fokotseha ka kholo ea litsebo tsa boenjiniere, 'me boleng ba boithabiso ba koloi le software e meng bo eketseha ka mesebetsi e mengata.Matsete a kamoso a lokela ho shebana le bafani ba Lekala la 1 ba nang le melemo e kopaneng le melemo ea tlholisano ho hardware ea mantlha, sistimi e sebetsang/software.

Lefapheng la cockpit e bohlale, li-oems, Tier1 ea setso le linatla tsa Marang-rang li atamela ho li-integrator tsa Tier0.5.Mokhoa oa nakong e tlang ke crossover le ho kopanya masimo a mangata le ho bula, 'me boleng bo fetisetsoa butle-butle ho software / algorithm, kopo le tšebeletso.Mona ho tsepamisitsoe maikutlo ho barekisi ba Tier 1 ba nang le melemo e kopaneng le melemo ea tlholisano ho hardware ea mantlha le sistimi e sebetsang / software.

Khamphani ea bohlokoa indastering ea lapeng

Sistimi e sebetsang: Huawei, Ali, Zhongke Chuangda

Supcon multimedia host system integrators: Desai Xiwei, Huayang Group, Hangsheng Electronics

Boithabiso ba koloi: Baidu, Ali, Tencent, Huawei

Pontsho (HUD/ dashboard/skrine sa taolo e bohareng) : Desai Xiwei, Sehlopha sa Huayang, Zejing Electronics

Baetsi ba li-chip: Huawei, Horizon, Allumbition Technology

5.4 Motlakase o bohlale: sekhahla sa ho kenella se eketseha ka potlako tlas'a tsamaiso ea maano.Ho khothaletsoa ho ela hloko menyetla ea matsete molemong oa indasteri ea mebaraka e ntseng e eketseha joalo ka qubu ea ho tjhaja le semi-conductor ea koloi.

"Motlakase o meraro" ke karolo ea mantlha ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla ho khetholla likoloi tsa khale tsa mafura.Re bolela esale pele hore boholo ba mmaraka oa likoloi tsa bapalami ba China "sistimi ea matla a mararo" e tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 95.7 ka 2020, li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 268.5 ka 2025 le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 617.9 ka 2030, ka sekhahla sa kholo e fetang 20% ​​ka 2020-2030.

Ho khothaletsoa ho ela hloko menyetla ea matsete ea ketane e ntseng e eketseha ea indasteri ea mebaraka joalo ka qubu ea ho tjhaja le semiconductor ea matla a likoloi.

Re lumela hore tlhoko ea matla a phahameng a matla le khokahano ea motlakase e sa feleng ea likoloi tsa motlakase e khothaletsa sistimi ea motlakase hore e hokahane haholo, tlhoko ea lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa IGBT le silicon carbide e ntse e eketseha, mme lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse kopantsoeng haholo li khothaletsa ntlafatso ea pholiso. tsamaiso.Ntle le libeteri, Huawei e na le sebopeho se tebileng lihokelong tsohle tsa mantlha tsa motlakase o bohlale, leha lik'hamphani tsa lapeng le tse amanang li theha kamano ea tlholisano, empa qalong ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri, 'maraka o hole haholo, batseteli ba lokela ho lefa. tlhokomelo e eketsehileng ho keketseho e potlakileng ea menyetla ea ho kenella ha indasteri.

Khamphani ea bohlokoa indastering ea lapeng

qubu ea ho tjhaja: Telai Betri ya Motlakase: Ningde Times, BYD

IGBT: Tataiso ea halofo ea linaleli, BYD

Silicon carbide: Shandong Tianyue, SAN ' an photoelectric

Tsamaiso ea mocheso: Taolo e bohlale ea Sanhua

5.5 Marang-rang a bohlale: Mokhoa oa ho kenya Marang-rang a Likoloi ka pele, module le T-box bakeng sa lik'hamphani tse nyane le tse mahareng li ka phunyeletsa.

Re lumela hore mojule oa on-board, gateway module le T-box ke likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa koloi ho hlokomela mosebetsi oa puisano ka boto.Ho ea ka lipalo, sebaka sa boleng ba 'maraka oa likoloi tsa baeti ba Chaena bakeng sa marang-rang a libaesekele nakong e tlang se tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 27,6 ka 2025 le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 40,8 ka 2030. Har'a tsona, mochine oa koloi le T-box ea koloi ea lilemo tse 10 ke tekanyo ea khōlo ea 10. %.

Menyetla ea Matsete: Li-chips e ntse e le papali ea bashanyana ba baholo, li-mods le li-T-box li etsa hore ho khonehe hore lik'hamphani tse nyane li tsoe.

Li-Chips e ntse e le papali ea bashanyana ba baholo, 'me ho na le sebaka sa hore libapali tse nyane li ka phunyeletsa ka li-mods le T-boxes.Lefapheng la li-chips tsa puisano le li-module, linatla tsa setso tsa mobile chip tse kang Qualcomm le Huawei e ntse e le libapali tse kholo.Tšitiso ea tlholisano ea chip e phahame, moputso o fana ka seatla se bulehileng, senatla se ntse se tla tsepamisa maikutlo ho chip nako e telele, mochini oa chip o tla itšebetsa kapa o fane ka bareki ba maemo a holimo.Ka hona, ho ntse ho na le menyetla ea hore baetsi ba li-module tsa setso ba qale tšimong ena.

Khamphani ea bohlokoa indastering ea lapeng

Mojule oa puisano: puisano e hole, puisano e pharaletseng

T-box: Huawei, Desai Ciwei, Gao Xinxing

5.6 Tshebeletso ya leru la koloi: Tebello ya tshebeletso ya leru la koloi e pharaletse.Ka ts'ebeletso e felletseng, Huawei e lebelletsoe ho ts'oara

Huawei e se e le morao haholo lefapheng la lits'ebeletso tsa leru la likoloi.E fana haholo ka lits'ebeletso tse 'ne tse eketsehang tsa likoloi tsa maru, e leng ho khanna ka boithaopo,' mapa o nepahetseng haholo, Marang-rang a Likoloi le V2X.Nakong e tlang, ho lebelletsoe hore e etelle pele molemong oa maru a mangata le a lebasetere a nang le melemo e felletseng ea ho qetela.

Li-giants tsa thekenoloji ea malapeng le linaheng tse ling li kena tšebeletsong ea maru a koloi, maru a mangata, leru la lebasetere le mekhoa e meng, lilemong tse leshome tse latelang ho na le sebaka se seholo sa kholo, balekane ba ketane ea indasteri ba lebeletsoe ho finyella khōlo e tloaelehileng le tšebeletso ea leru la koloi ea Huawei.Ho khothaletsoa ho utloisisa menyetla ea matsete ea balekane ba indasteri ea litšebeletso tsa Huawei ho tloha kahong ea meaho, data ho isa ts'ebelisong le ts'ebeletso ho latela tatellano ea phetisetso ea ketane ea boleng.

Khamphani ea bohlokoa indastering ea lapeng

Badirisani ba mafaratlhatlha a ICT: GDS, IHUalu, China Software International, Digital China, jj.

Balekane ba lentsoe ba bohlale: IFlytek, joalo-joalo.

Balekane ba limmapa tse nepahetseng haholo: 'mapa o mocha oa mahlakore a mane, jj.

Balekane ba Marang-rang a Likoloi: Shanghai Botai, joalo-joalo.

Balekane ba app ea koloi: Bilibili, Leeto le ts'oanang, Deep Love mamela, Gedou, joalo-joalo.

5.7 Menyetla ea matsete a kantle ho marang-rang bakeng sa beng ba likoloi tse bohlale

"Intelligent" ke lentsoe la mantlha le mohala oa mantlha oa matsete a rona mehleng ea likoloi tse bohlale.Ho potoloha moeli o ka sehloohong oa ba bohlale, re lumela hore lebelo le akaretsang la matsete ho likoloi tse bohlale li hloka ho utloisisa maqhubu a mararo.

Leqhubu la pele, ketane ea phepelo.Re na le ts'epo mabapi le ho phahama ha ketane ea phepelo ea Machaena nakong ea likoloi tse bohlale, 'me re ka utloisisa menyetla ea matsete ho tsoa mekhoeng e meraro.Taba ea pele, menyetla ea keketseho ea lefatše.Likarolong tse ling tse kang libeteri, lik'hamera, li-module tsa marang-rang le lisebelisoa tsa puisano tsa likoloi, lik'hamphani tse etellang pele malapeng li na le bokhoni ba ho hola lefatšeng ka bophara.Hang ha o kena ketane ea phepelo ea OEM ea mantlha ea lefats'e, sekala se ka atolosoa ka potlako.Ea bobeli ke ho nkeloa sebaka ha monyetla, likarolong tse ling tse kang IGBT ea koloi, MCU, radar ea millimeter-wave, tsamaiso ea mocheso, taolo ea terata, joalo-joalo, lik'hamphani tse ling tsa malapeng ka ho pheta-pheta le ho ntlafatsa li lebelletsoe ho senya butle-butle. karolo ea maraka ea ho nkela linatla tsa mose ho maoatle sebaka nakong e tlang.Taba ea boraro, monyetla oa shuffle e ncha ea potoloho, likarolong tse ling tse kang sethala sa komporo, lidar, 'mapa o nepahetseng haholo, lisebelisoa tsa matla tsa silicon carbide, ho kenella le ts'ebeliso ea theknoloji e ncha e sa tsoa qala, ka phetoho ea likhoebo tse ikemetseng tsa likoloi le ho phahama ha matla a macha tlhahisong ea likoloi tsa lapeng, ho lebelletsoe ho theha karolo e ncha ea moetapele oa lefats'e.

Leqhubu la bobeli: oems le bafani ba tharollo ea ho khanna ba ikemetseng. Likoloi tse bohlale li fana ka menyetla ea hore lik'hamphani tsa likoloi tsa China li fetole litsela le ho feta likoloi.Lik'hamphani tse hlolehang ho ikamahanya le mokhoa oa likoloi tse bohlale li tla felisoa.Lekhetlo lena la ho ferekana le sa tsoa qala, 'me ho sa le pele haholo ho ahlola hore na mohlodi ke mang.Re ka bona leseli feela ha sekhahla sa ho kenella ha makoloi a macha a China a fihla ho 20% ka 2025. OEMS e tla aroloa ka likampo tse peli.Boholo ba matla a macha le bahlahisi ba bang ba setso ba etelletseng pele ba tla khetha mokhoa oa ho kopanya o otlolohileng mme ba hlahise software ea mantlha le lisebelisoa tse ling ka bobona.Boholo ba baetsi ba likoloi ba setso ba tla fana ka bokhoni ba ho etsa le ho kopanya, 'me ba sebetse haufi-ufi le linatla tsa ICT tse kang Huawei le Waymo tse tsebang theknoloji ea ho khanna e ikemetseng ka botlalo.Li-oems tse ntseng li hlaha le bafani ba litharollo tsa ho khanna ba ikemetseng, tse tla nka boholo ba liphaello tsa indasteri, e tla ba bahlōli ba bangata leqhubung lena.

Leqhubu la boraro, lits'ebetso le lits'ebeletso.Ka ho tuma ha meaho ea tšebelisano-'moho ea likoloi le 'mila le ntlafatso ea boemo bo bohlale ba libaesekele, 'maraka oa L4 oa likoloi tsa bapalami, ts'ebeletso ea Robotaxi e kena tšebetsong,' me lits'ebetso le lits'ebeletso tse ipapisitseng le maemo a ho khanna a ikemetseng li qala ho phatloha.Bafani ba litšebeletso tsa ho khanna ba ikemetseng, lik'hamphani tsa litšebeletso tsa motsamao, le marang-rang a marang-rang a lisebelisoa tsa likoloi le bafani ba litšebeletso tsa sethala e tla ba sepheo sa leqhubu la boraro la matsete.

Re na le tšepo ea hore Huawei e lebelletsoe ho tlatsa sekheo sa lapeng le ho ba morekisi e mocha oa ICT Tier1 oa $50 bilione hammoho le Bosch le China Mainland. Ntle le likhokahano tse 'maloa tse kang tlhahiso ea likoloi, betri, radar ea ultrasonic, mochini oa infotainment oa koloi le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa boleng bo tlase, Huawei e na le sebopeho hoo e batlang e le likhokahano tsohle tsa mantlha tsa ho khanna ka bohlale.

Re lumela hore ho nka karolo ha Huawei ho tla khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea ho khanna ka bohlale, indasteri ea ho khanna e bohlale ka tšebelisano-'moho ea nako e telele, lik'hamphani tsa tšebelisano 'moho li lebelletsoe ho ba tsona tsa pele ho rua molemo.Joalo ka oEMS changan, matla a macha a Baic, betri e etellang pele linako tsa Ningde, baetsi ba limmapa tse nepahetseng haholo, joalo ka 'mapa o mocha oa mahlakore a mane.

Bakeng sa likarolo tseo Huawei a li kentseng kapa a li behileng, joalo ka lidar, sethala sa likhomphutha, IGBT le likarolo tse ling, ka lebaka la ho kenella ha indasteri e tlase kapa sebaka sa lehae se sa tsoa qala, sebaka sa 'maraka sa TAM se seholo ka ho lekana, le lik'hamphani tse ling tse behileng. kantle masimong ana ho ntse ho na le menyetla e meholo ea matsete.Ka kakaretso, ha ho nahanoa hore ho kena ha Huawei lebaleng la likoloi tse bohlale ho ntse ho le mohatong oa pele, ho na le lipelaelo tse ngata mabapi le hore na ke mang ea tla rua molemo ho tsoa ho balekane ba ketane ea indasteri le hore na ba tla rua molemo hakae, 'me ho hlokahala hore ho be le ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele e matla. bokamoso.

Huawei e shebane le ho khanna ka bohlale, cockpit e bohlale, marang-rang a bohlale, motlakase o bohlale, le lits'ebeletso tsa maru a likoloi, tseo hape e leng mebaraka ea bohlokoa ka ho fetesisa e tlisoang ke likoloi tse bohlale nakong e tlang.Re hakanya hore kakaretso ea 'maraka oa' maraka oa likoloi tsa bapalami oa Chaena e tla hola ho tloha ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 200 ka 2020 ho isa ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 1.8 ka 2030, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea lilemo tse 10 sa 25%.Kakaretso ea boleng ba libaesekele tse tlisoang ke khokahanyo e bohlale e tla nyoloha ho tloha ho li-yuan tse 10,000 ho ea ho li-yuan tse 70,000. Ho ea ka pono ea sebopeho, motlakase o bohlale oa nakong e tlang, ho khanna ka bohlale, lits'ebeletso tsa leru la koloi li tla ikarabella ho feta 90%.Hona joale, karolo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea motlakase o bohlale ho feta 45%, ho khanna ka bohlale ho tla ba ka matla a nako e bohareng, boleng ba 2025 bo ka bang 31%.Boemong ba hajoale, boleng ba 'maraka ba lits'ebeletso tsa leru la likoloi ha bo so hlahe,' me ho lebelletsoe hore e tla ikarabella bakeng sa 12% ka 2025 le 30% ka 2030.

Har'a likarolo tse hlano tse boletsoeng ka holimo, batjhelete ba eletsoa hore ba tsepamise maikutlo likarolong tse nang le sebaka se seholo sa ho eketseha le boleng bo phahameng ba baesekele, joalo ka betri, lidar, computing platform, IGBT, 'mapa le mofani oa litšebeletso tsa software, le module ea marang-rang ea koloi.

Indasteri ea lefatše ea ho khanna e ikemetseng e nakong ea kholo e potlakileng.Kabo ea boleng ba ketane ea indasteri e tla tloha ho phepelo ea thepa ho ea ho baetsi ba tharollo ea ho khanna ba bohlale, li-oems, le mebaraka ea ts'ebeliso le lits'ebeletso ka ho fapana.Ho kgothaletswa ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho tse latelang:
Ho khanna ka bohlale: Sainty Optics/Weil (khamera ea koloi), Hexai Technology/Radium Intelligence/Sagitar Juchuang (liDAR), Huawei/Horizon (sethala sa komporo), Bethel (taolo ea mela)

Smart cockpit: huawei/ali/kechuang (sistimi e sebetsang), huawei/horizon/chi technology (chip) motlakase o bohlale: ningde age/byd (betri), ho fihla ho halofo ea tataiso/byd (IGBT), shandong matsatsi yue/tharo AnGuang motlakase (sic ), lipalesa tse tharo tsa taolo ea bohlale (taolo ea mocheso), (call) liqubu tse bohlale tsa ho tjhaja tse entsoeng: Yuyuan/Fibocom (Mojule oa puisano), Huawei/Desesiwei/Gao Xinxing (T-Box)

Litšebeletso tsa Cloud Cloud: GDS/China Software International (molekane wa ICT infrastructure), 4d Map New (High Precision Map)

Lipheo tse tšeletseng

5G: China Mobile / China Telecom / China Unicom (opereishene), ZTE (morekisi oa thepa ea ka sehloohong), Zhongji Xuchuang / Xinyisheng (optical module), Shijia Photon (optical chip), DreamNet Group (litaba tsa 5G)

Cloud Computing: Jinshan Cloud (IaaS), WANGUO Data/Baoxin Software/Halo New Network (IDC), Inspr Information (server), Kingdee International/User Network (SaaS)
Marang-rang a Lintho: puisano ea Yuyuan/Fibocom (mojule), Puisano ea Huweiwei (terminal), Heertai/Topone (Smart Home), Hongsoft Technology (AIoT), China Satellite/Haig Communication/China Satcom/Hainengda (Satellite Internet of Things)

Likoloi tse bohlale: Horizon (sethala sa komporo), Sun-Yu Optics (pono ea pono), Hexai Technology (lidar), Star Semi-guiidance (IGBT), Zhongke Chuangda (sistimi ea ts'ebetso), Desai Xiwei (cockpit e bohlale)

Supa.dikeletso tsa kotsi
Mokhoa o hlakileng oa khoebo ha o e-s'o thehoe bakeng sa khoebo ea 5G 2C, 'me ho tla nka lilemo tse 2-3 hore indasteri e ntlafatse kopo ea eona,' me boikemisetso ba basebetsi ba ho sebelisa chelete ea 5G bo ka ba tlase ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebeletsoe kateng;
Khōlo ea lichelete tsa lichelete tsa ICP e ntse e fokotseha, 'me tsoelo-pele ea khoebo ea maru ea sechaba e ka' na ea se ke ea finyella litebello;Tsoelo-pele ea likhoebo ka leru ha e lebeletsoe, tlhōlisano ea indasteri e ntse e eketseha, 'me chelete ea khoebo ea IT e fokotsehile haholo;
Ho kenya software sebakeng sa heno ho tlase ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe;Palo ea likhokahano tsa Marang-rang a Lintho (iot) ha e hole joalo ka ha ho lebelletsoe, 'me ketane ea indasteri e salletse morao;
Indasteri ea ho khanna ka bohlale ha e hole joalo ka ha ho lebelletsoe;
Likotsi tsa ho hola ha likhohlano tsa khoebo lipakeng tsa China le United States.